ἀναξυρίδες

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Persian.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.nak.sy.rí.des/ → /a.nak.syˈri.ðes/ → /a.nak.siˈri.ðes/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.nak.sy.rí.des/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.nak.syˈri.des/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.nak.syˈri.ðes/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.nak.syˈri.ðes/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.nak.siˈri.ðes/

Noun

ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δες • (anaxurídes) f pl (genitive ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δων); third declension

1. trousers worn by Scythians and Sacae
   • c. 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories‎^[1], archived from the original on 2023-08-14, 8.37.1:

     [...] αὐτὴν [τὴν χεῖρα] κρύψας ἐν τῇσι ἀναξυρίσι [...]

     [...] autḕn [tḕn kheîra] krúpsas en têisi anaxurísi [...]

     ...having hidden it [his hand] in his pants...

   • c. 370 BCE, Xenophon, Education of Cyrus‎^[2], archived from the original on 2023-08-14, 8.3.13:

     [...] καὶ [ἔχων] περὶ τοῖς σκέλεσιν ἀναξυρίδας ὑσγινοβαφεῖς[...]

     [...] kaì [ékhōn] perì toîs skélesin anaxurídas husginobapheîs[...]

     ... and wearing pants dyed scarlet on his legs...

   • a. 180 CE, Lucian of Samosata, How to Write History‎^[3], archived from the original on 2023-08-14, section 19:

     ἡ [...] Οὐολογέσου ἀναξυρὶς [...]

     hē [...] Ouologésou anaxurìs [...]

     Vologeses' pants...

   • a. 238 CE, Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana‎^[4], archived from the original on 2023-08-14, section 1.25:

     χαίρουσι δὲ τῷ Ὀρφεῖ, τιάραν ἴσως καὶ ἀναξυρίδα τιμῶντες, οὐ γὰρ μουσικήν γε, οὐδὲ ᾠδάς, αἷς ἔθελγεν.

     khaírousi dè tôi Orpheî, tiáran ísōs kaì anaxurída timôntes, ou gàr mousikḗn ge, oudè ōidás, haîs éthelgen.

     And they rejoice about Orpheus, valuing his crown as much as his pants, since they don't value his music, nor the songs with which he cast his charm.

Usage notes

In Classical Greek the plural form is used even for a single pair of trousers, but Koine Greek uses the singular.

Declension

Third declension of ἡ ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́ς; τῆς ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́ς hē anaxurís	αἱ ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δες hai anaxurídes
Genitive	τῆς ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δος tês anaxurídos	τῶν ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δων tôn anaxurídōn
Dative	τῇ ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δῐ têi anaxurídi	ταῖς ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́σῐ / ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́σῐν taîs anaxurísi(n)
Accusative	τὴν ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δᾰ tḕn anaxurída	τᾱ̀ς ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δᾰς tā̀s anaxurídas
Vocative	ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́ς anaxurís	ἀνᾰξῠρῐ́δες anaxurídes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

References

• “ἀναξυρίδες”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀναξυρίδες in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀναξυρίδες in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN