ὕβρις

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See also: ὑβρίς

Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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Unknown; possibly Pre-Greek, given its unusual shape and the lack of a convincing Indo-European etymology.[1] Other proposed explanations include:

  • The first element ῠ̔́- (hú-) being from Proto-Indo-European *úd (outward, up) (supported e.g. by Frisk),[2] with the second element perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷreh₂- (heavy, strong) (whence βαρύς (barús), βριαρός (briarós). etc.).[3]
  • Per Nikolaev, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)i̯oHgʷ-ri-, assuming a relation to ἥβη (hḗbē, vigour of youth, sexual maturity, adolescence).[4] Beekes rejects this on the grounds that it would be expected to yield *ὠβρι- (*ōbri-).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ῠ̔́βρις (húbrisf (genitive ῠ̔́βρεως or ῠ̔́βριος); third declension (Epic, Ionic, Doric, Attic, Koine)

  1. pride
  2. insolence
  3. outrage

Inflection

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • English: hubris
  • Greek: ύβρις f (ývris)
  • Latin: hybrida (see there for further descendants)

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὕβρις, -ιος, -εος, -εως”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1524–1525
  2. ^ Frisk, Hjalmar (1970) “ὕβρις”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 954
  3. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 477
  4. ^ Nikolaev, Alexander (2002) “Die Etymologie von altgriechischem ὕβρις”, in Glotta, volume 80 (2004), pages 114–125 (cf. also Beekes (2010), p. 507)

Further reading

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