gift; propriety; rite | music; happy; laugh music; happy; laugh; cheerful | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (禮樂) | 禮 | 樂 | |
simp. (礼乐) | 礼 | 乐 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 禮 | 樂 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 2/3 |
Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 疑 (31) |
Final (韻) | 齊 (39) | 覺 (10) |
Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | IV | II |
Fanqie | 盧啓切 | 五角切 |
Baxter | lejX | ngaewk |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/leiX/ | /ŋˠʌk̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/leiX/ | /ŋᵚɔk̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/lɛiX/ | /ŋɔk̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/lɛjX/ | /ŋaɨwk̚/ |
Li Rong |
/leiX/ | /ŋɔk̚/ |
Wang Li |
/lieiX/ | /ŋɔk̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/lieiX/ | /ŋɔk̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
lǐ | yuè |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
lai5 | ngok6 |
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 禮 | 樂 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 4/4 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
lǐ | yuè |
Middle Chinese |
‹ lejX › | ‹ ngæwk › |
Old Chinese |
/*[r]ˁijʔ/ | /*[ŋ]ˁrawk/ |
English | propriety, ceremony | music |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 禮 | 樂 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 3/3 |
No. | 7839 | 7683 |
Phonetic component |
豊 | 樂 |
Rime group |
脂 | 藥 |
Rime subdivision |
2 | 1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
禮 | 嶽 |
Old Chinese |
/*riːʔ/ | /*ŋraːwɢ/ |
禮樂