頭陀

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (頭陀)		頭	陀
simp. (头陀)		头	陀

Etymology

From Sanskrit धुत (dhuta).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tóutuó

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄡˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tóutuó
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄡˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tóutuó
    • Wade–Giles: tʻou²-tʻo²
    • Yale: tóu-twó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tourtwo
    • Palladius: тоуто (touto)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰoʊ̯³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: duw da

Rime
Character	頭	陀
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	度侯切	徒河切
Baxter	duw	da
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dəu/	/dɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/dəu/	/dɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/dəu/	/dɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəw/	/da/
Li Rong	/du/	/dɑ/
Wang Li	/dəu/	/dɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱə̯u/	/dʱɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tóu	tuó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tau4	to4

Noun

頭陀

1. (Buddhism) ascetic practices
2. (Buddhism) mendicant Buddhist monk

Further reading

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “頭陀” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].