휘두르다

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Korean 휫두르다〮 (Yale: hwùys-twùlù-tá, “to surround; to swing”), equivalent to modern 휘 (hwi-) +‎ 두르다 (dureuda).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [hɥiduɾɯda̠] ~ [hyduɾɯda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [휘두르다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	hwidureuda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	hwiduleuda
McCune–Reischauer?	hwidurŭda
Yale Romanization?	hwitwuluta

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	휘두르다 (hwidureuda)
Passive	휘둘리다 (hwidullida)

휘두르다 • (hwidureuda) (infinitive 휘둘러, sequential 휘두르니) (transitive)

1. to brandish, to wield (a melee weapon (e.g. a sword)); to swing, to flail (one's arm, fist, etc.)

   Synonym: 내두르다 (naedureuda)

   단검을 휘두르다

   dan'geom-eul hwidureuda

   to wield a dagger

   양팔을 휘두르다

   yangpar-eul hwidureuda

   to swing both arms

   주먹을 휘두르다

   jumeog-eul hwidureuda

   to throw a punch

2. (of power, authority, violence, etc.) to exert, to wield (in a negative way); to abuse

   권력을 휘두르다

   gwollyeog-eul hwidureuda

   to wield power

   폭력을 휘두르다

   pongnyeog-eul hwidureuda

   to use violence

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 휘두르다 (hwidureuda): vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	휘두른다 hwidureunda	휘둘러 hwidulleo	휘둘러요 hwidulleoyo	휘두릅니다 hwidureumnida
	Past	휘둘렀다 hwidulleotda	휘둘렀어 hwidulleosseo	휘둘렀어요 hwidulleosseoyo	휘둘렀습니다 hwidulleotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	휘두르느냐 hwidureuneunya	휘둘러 hwidulleo	휘둘러요 hwidulleoyo	휘두릅니까 hwidureumnikka
	Past	휘둘렀느냐 hwidulleonneunya	휘둘렀어 hwidulleosseo	휘둘렀어요 hwidulleosseoyo	휘둘렀습니까 hwidulleotseumnikka
Hortative		휘두르자 hwidureuja	휘둘러 hwidulleo	휘둘러요 hwidulleoyo	휘두르십시다 hwidureusipsida
Imperative		휘둘러라 hwidulleora	휘둘러 hwidulleo	휘둘러요 hwidulleoyo	휘두릅시오 hwidureupsio
Assertive		휘두르겠다 hwidureugetda	휘두르겠어 hwidureugesseo	휘두르겠어요 hwidureugesseoyo	휘두르겠습니다 hwidureugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		휘둘러 hwidulleo	휘둘러서 hwidulleoseo	휘두르니 hwidureuni	휘두르니까 hwidureunikka
Contrast		휘두르지만 hwidureujiman	휘두르는데 hwidureuneunde	휘두르더니 hwidureudeoni
Conjunction		휘두르고 hwidureugo
Condition		휘두르면 hwidureumyeon	휘둘러야 hwidulleoya
Motive		휘두르려고 hwidureuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		휘두름 hwidureum	휘두르기 hwidureugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		휘둘렀음 hwidulleosseum	휘둘렀기 hwidulleotgi
Determiners	Past	휘두른 hwidureun
	Present	휘두르는 hwidureuneun
	Future	휘두를 hwidureul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	휘두르신다 hwidureusinda	휘두르셔 hwidureusyeo	휘두르세요, 휘두르셔요 hwidureuseyo, hwidureusyeoyo	휘두르십니다 hwidureusimnida
	Past	휘두르셨다 hwidureusyeotda	휘두르셨어 hwidureusyeosseo	휘두르셨어요 hwidureusyeosseoyo	휘두르셨습니다 hwidureusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	휘두르시느냐 hwidureusineunya	휘두르셔 hwidureusyeo	휘두르세요, 휘두르셔요 hwidureuseyo, hwidureusyeoyo	휘두르십니까 hwidureusimnikka
	Past	휘두르셨느냐 hwidureusyeonneunya	휘두르셨어 hwidureusyeosseo	휘두르셨어요 hwidureusyeosseoyo	휘두르셨습니까 hwidureusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		휘두르시라 hwidureusira	휘두르셔 hwidureusyeo	휘두르세요 hwidureuseyo	휘두르십시오 hwidureusipsio
Assertive		휘두르시겠다 hwidureusigetda	휘두르시겠어 hwidureusigesseo	휘두르시겠어요 hwidureusigesseoyo	휘두르시겠습니다 hwidureusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		휘두르셔 hwidureusyeo	휘두르셔서 hwidureusyeoseo	휘두르시니 hwidureusini	휘두르시니까 hwidureusinikka
Contrast		휘두르시지만 hwidureusijiman	휘두르시는데 hwidureusineunde	휘두르시더니 hwidureusideoni
Conjunction		휘두르시고 hwidureusigo
Condition		휘두르시면 hwidureusimyeon	휘두르셔야 hwidureusyeoya
Motive		휘두르시려고 hwidureusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		휘두르심 hwidureusim	휘두르시기 hwidureusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		휘두르셨음 hwidureusyeosseum	휘두르셨기 hwidureusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	휘두르신 hwidureusin
	Present	휘두르시는 hwidureusineun
	Future	휘두르실 hwidureusil

Derived terms

• 내휘두르다 (naehwidureuda)