๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ

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Gothic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Germanic *wฤซhaz.

Adjective

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๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ โ€ข (weihs)

  1. holy, sacred
    Antonym: ๐Œฟ๐ƒ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ (usweihs)
Usage notes
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  • The exact semantic differences between ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ (weihs) and the far rarer ๐Œฐ๐Œน๐‚๐Œบ๐Œฝ๐ƒ (airkns) and ๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œฒ๐ƒ (hailags) are unclear. The latter two however are only attested once, whereas weihs is one of the best-attested words of the Gothic language. Airkns (directly attested in the Ostrogothic sermon recorded in the Gothica Bononiensia) is only found in the Gothic Bible in affixed form (and then rarely) with an apparent meaning leaning towards sincerity (especially sincerity of faith), and hailags is only found in a difficult-to-interpret early runic inscription from an apparently pagan context.
  • When substantivized, the word could be used to mean 'saint' (as at Ephesians 3:8).
Declension
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A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ
weihs
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ
weiha
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท, ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐„๐Œฐ
weih, weihata
Accusative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œฐ
weihana
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ
weiha
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท, ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐„๐Œฐ
weih, weihata
Genitive ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œน๐ƒ
weihis
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œถ๐‰๐ƒ
weihaizลs
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œน๐ƒ
weihis
Dative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œผ๐Œผ๐Œฐ
weihamma
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน
weihai
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œผ๐Œผ๐Œฐ
weihamma
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน
weihai
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐ƒ
weihลs
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ
weiha
Accusative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
weihans
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐ƒ
weihลs
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ
weiha
Genitive ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œถ๐Œด
weihaizฤ“
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œถ๐‰
weihaizล
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œถ๐Œด
weihaizฤ“
Dative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œผ
weihaim
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œผ
weihaim
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œผ
weihaim
Weak (definite) inflection
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ
weiha
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰
weihล
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰
weihล
Accusative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œฝ
weihan
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œฝ
weihลn
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰
weihล
Genitive ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œน๐Œฝ๐ƒ
weihins
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œฝ๐ƒ
weihลns
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œน๐Œฝ๐ƒ
weihins
Dative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œน๐Œฝ
weihin
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œฝ
weihลn
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œน๐Œฝ
weihin
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
weihans
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œฝ๐ƒ
weihลns
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œฝ๐Œฐ
weihลna
Accusative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
weihans
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œฝ๐ƒ
weihลns
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œฝ๐Œฐ
weihลna
Genitive ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œด
weihanฤ“
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œฝ๐‰
weihลnล
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œด
weihanฤ“
Dative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œผ
weiham
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐‰๐Œผ
weihลm
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œผ
weiham
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Proto-Germanic *wฤซhsฤ…, from Proto-Indo-European *weyแธฑ- (โ€œhouse, settlementโ€). Cognates include Sanskrit เคตเคฟเคถเฅ (viล›, โ€œvillage, settlement, tribeโ€), เคตเฅ‡เคถเคƒ (veล›รกแธฅ, โ€œinhabitant, neighborโ€), Ancient Greek ฮฟแผถฮบฮฟฯ‚ (oรฎkos), dialectal ฯฮฟแฟ–ฮบฮฟฯ‚ (woรฎkos, โ€œhouse, dwelling, fence, cageโ€), Latin vฤซcus (โ€œgroup of houses, villageโ€).

Noun

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๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ โ€ข (weihsn

  1. village
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 8:26:
      ๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œท ๐Œน๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œณ๐Œน๐Œณ๐Œฐ ๐Œน๐Œฝ๐Œฐ ๐Œณ๐Œฟ ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐‚๐Œณ๐Œฐ ๐Œน๐ƒ ๐Œต๐Œน๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œณ๐ƒ: ๐Œฝ๐Œน ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐„๐Œฐ ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐Œฒ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐Œน๐ƒ, ๐Œฝ๐Œน ๐Œผ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œฝ๐Œท๐Œฟ๐Œฝ ๐Œต๐Œน๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œน๐ƒ ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œผ๐Œผ๐Œฐ ๐…๐Œด๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œฐ.
      jah insandida ina du garda is qiรพands: ni in รพata weihs gaggais, ni mannhun qiรพais in รพamma wฤ“hsa.
      And he sent him away to his house, saying: do not go into the village, nor tell it to anyone in the village.
  2. countryside
Declension
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A variant spelling ๐…๐Œด๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œฐ (wฤ“hsa) is attested.

Neuter a-stem
Singular Plural
Nominative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ
weihs
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œฐ
weihsa
Vocative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ
weihs
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œฐ
weihsa
Accusative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ
weihs
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œฐ
weihsa
Genitive ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œน๐ƒ
weihsis
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œด
weihsฤ“
Dative ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œฐ
weihsa
๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐Œท๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œผ
weihsam