Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pl̥néh₁ti
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From *pleh₁- (“to fill”) + *-né- (nasal infix).
Verb[edit]
*pl̥néh₁ti (imperfective)[1][2][3][4]
- to be filling
Inflection[edit]
| Imperfective, athematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *pl̥néh₁ti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *pl̥nh₁énti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *pl̥néh₁mi | *pl̥néh₁m̥ | — | *pl̥néh₁oh₂ | *pl̥nh₁yéh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *pl̥néh₁si | *pl̥néh₁s | *pl̥néh₁, *pl̥nh₁dʰí | *pl̥néh₁esi | *pl̥nh₁yéh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *pl̥néh₁ti | *pl̥néh₁t | *pl̥néh₁tu | *pl̥néh₁eti | *pl̥nh₁yéh₁t |
| 1st dual | *pl̥nh₁wós | *pl̥nh₁wé | — | *pl̥néh₁owos | *pl̥nh₁ih₁wé |
| 2nd dual | *pl̥nh₁tés | *pl̥nh₁tóm | *pl̥nh₁tóm | *pl̥néh₁etes | *pl̥nh₁ih₁tóm |
| 3rd dual | *pl̥nh₁tés | *pl̥nh₁tā́m | *pl̥nh₁tā́m | *pl̥néh₁etes | *pl̥nh₁ih₁tā́m |
| 1st plural | *pl̥nh₁mós | *pl̥nh₁mé | — | *pl̥néh₁omos | *pl̥nh₁ih₁mé |
| 2nd plural | *pl̥nh₁té | *pl̥nh₁té | *pl̥nh₁té | *pl̥néh₁ete | *pl̥nh₁ih₁té |
| 3rd plural | *pl̥nh₁énti | *pl̥nh₁ént | *pl̥nh₁éntu | *pl̥néh₁onti | *pl̥nh₁ih₁ént |
| Participle | *pl̥nh₁ónts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *pl̥nh₁h₂ér | *pl̥nh₁h₂é | — | *pl̥néh₁oh₂er | *pl̥nh₁ih₁h₂é |
| 2nd singular | *pl̥nh₁th₂ér | *pl̥nh₁th₂é | *pl̥nh₁só | *pl̥néh₁eth₂er | *pl̥nh₁ih₁th₂é |
| 3rd singular | *pl̥nh₁tór, *pl̥nh₁ór | *pl̥nh₁tó, *pl̥nh₁ó | *? | *pl̥néh₁etor | *pl̥nh₁ih₁tó, *pl̥nh₁ih₁ó |
| 1st dual | *pl̥nh₁wósdʰh₂ | *pl̥nh₁wédʰh₂ | — | *pl̥néh₁owosdʰh₂ | *pl̥nh₁ih₁wédʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *pl̥nh₁mósdʰh₂ | *pl̥nh₁médʰh₂ | — | *pl̥néh₁omosdʰh₂ | *pl̥nh₁ih₁médʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *pl̥nh₁dʰh₂wé | *pl̥nh₁dʰh₂wé | *pl̥nh₁dʰh₂wé | *pl̥néh₁edʰh₂we | *pl̥nh₁ih₁dʰh₂wé |
| 3rd plural | *pl̥nh₁rór, *pl̥nh₁n̥tór | *pl̥nh₁ró, *pl̥nh₁n̥tó | *? | *pl̥néh₁oror, *pl̥néh₁ontor | *pl̥nh₁ih₁ró, *pl̥nh₁ih₁n̥tó |
| Participle | *pl̥nh₁m̥h₁nós | ||||
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Celtic: *ɸlinīti[5]
- ⇒ Old Irish: do·lin
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥náHti (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *polnēō[6]
- Latin: polleō (see there for further descendants)
References[edit]
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*pleh₁-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 482-83: “*pl̥-né/n-h₁-”
- ^ Macak, Martin (2017–2018) “Chapter X: Armenian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The phonology of Classical Armenian, page 1060: “*pl̥-né-h₁-”
- ^ Fick, August (1890–1909) “péla : pḷa”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), 4th edition, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 82: “pḷnấti”
- ^ Bendahman, Jadwiga (1993) Der reduplizierte Aorist in den indogermanischen Sprachen (Deutsche Hochschulschriften; 642), Egelsbach: Hänsel-Hohenhausen, page 147: “*pl̥neh₁ti”
- ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “*-φli-ni-”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 524
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “polleō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 472