Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/kanyáH

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”).

Noun

*kanyáH f

1. young girl, maiden

Derived terms

• *kanyáH-akālas
  • Proto-Iranian: *kanyáH-akārah
    • Classical Persian: کنغال (kanγāl, “(young)whore”), کنغاله (kanğâla) (ـغاله (-ğâla) is a diminutive suffix, c.f. -culus in Latin)

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kanyáH
  • Sanskrit: कन्या (kanyā́, “girl”)
    • Pali: kaññā
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (kaṇṇā)
• Proto-Iranian: *kanyáH
  • Central Iranian
    • Old Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬁 (kaniiā, “girl; maiden”), 𐬐𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬁 (kaⁱniiā), 𐬐𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬈 (kaⁱne) 𐬐𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬍 (kaⁱnī, “young woman”)

      Younger Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬍𐬐𐬁 (kaⁱnīkā, “young woman”)

  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Ossetian: чындз (ḱynʒ)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Bactrian: κισατο (kisato, “youngest”) (perhaps: <*kasišta <*kanyáH-ištaH)
      • Proto-Sogdic:
        • Sogdian: (/⁠kan(ā)č(ē)⁠/, “small girl”), (/⁠kančīk⁠/, “girl”)

          Manichaean script: 𐫐𐫗𐫝 (knc), 𐫞𐫗𐫝𐫐 (qnck), 𐫞𐫗𐫝𐫝𐫏 (qnccy), 𐫐𐫗𐫝𐫏𐫐 (kncyk)

          Syriac script: ݎܢܨܐݎ (kncʾk), ܩܢܨܩ (qncq)

        • Yagnobi: ғайк (γayk)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: کج (kaj), کنشک (kinišk)
    • Kurdish:

      Central Kurdish: کچ (kiç), کەنیشک (kenîşk), کیژۆڵە (kîjolle, “small girl, young girl”)

      Northern Kurdish: keç, kiç, kenîşk

      Southern Kurdish: کەنیشک (kenîşk), کِشکِڵە (kişkille, “young girl”)

  • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *kanīka
    • Caspian:
      • Gilaki: کیجا (kīǰā), کيلکا (kīlkā)
      • Mazanderani: کیجا (kīǰā)
    • Old Median:
      • Alviri-Vidari: کنگ (kaneg)
      • Old Tati:

        Old Azari: کینا (kīnā)

        • Karingani: کینا (kīnā)
        • Harzani: کینه (kīna)
      • Talysh: [Term?] (/⁠kəla⁠/)

        Arabic script: کله

        Latin script: kəla

    • Parthian: (/⁠kanīg⁠/), (/⁠kanīžag⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫑𐫗𐫏𐫃 (qnyg), 𐫑𐫗𐫏𐫝𐫃 (qnycg)

    • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: کنا (kinā), کناچێ (kināčē)
      • Zazaki: kêna, keynek
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠kanīg⁠/, “girl; maid”), (/⁠kanīzag⁠/, “small girl; maiden”)

      Manichaean script: 𐫐𐫗𐫏𐫃 (knyg), 𐫐𐫗𐫏𐫝𐫃 (knycg)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (knyk'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (knyck')

      Pazend script: 𐬐𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬗𐬀𐬐 (kanicak)

      • Classical Persian: کنیزک (kanīzak, “small young maid”), کنیز (kanīz, “small maiden; maidservant”)

        Dari: کنیز (kanīz, “maidservant”)

        Iranian Persian: کنیز (kanīz, “maidservant”)

        Tajik: канӣз (kanīz)

        • → Southern Kurdish: کەنیژ (kenîj, “maidservant”)
    • Lurish:

      Northern Luri: کچی (keçi, “small sister”)

      • Balagerive: کںشکلںە (kəşkelə, “small girl”)

      Bakhtiari: کنێژ (kenıj, “girl”)