Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wapras
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This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-Iranian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wep(h₁)- (“to scatter; to harass”), and cognate with Sanskrit वप् (vap, “to scatter, strew”), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬝 (vīuuāpat̰, “strews apart, plunders”), Hittite 𒄷𒉿𒀊𒍣 (huwapp-i, “to hurl, throw; to mistreat, harass”), [script needed] (hippa-, “heap”), 𒄷𒉿𒀊𒉺𒀸 (huwappa-, “evil, badness”), Old Irish fel (“bad”), and possibly English evil.[1]
Noun[edit]
*wapras m
Inflection[edit]
| masculine a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *waprás | *waprā́ | *waprā́, -ā́s(as) |
| vocative | *wapra | *waprā́ | *waprā́, -ā́s(as) |
| accusative | *waprám | *waprā́ | *waprā́ns |
| instrumental | *waprā́ | *wapráybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām | *waprā́yš |
| ablative | *waprā́t | *wapráybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām | *wapráybʰyas |
| dative | *waprā́y | *wapráybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām | *wapráybʰyas |
| genitive | *waprásya | *wapráyās | *waprā́na(H)m |
| locative | *wapráy | *wapráyaw | *wapráyšu |
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wapras
- Sanskrit: वप्र (vapra, “rampart, hillock”)
- Proto-Iranian: *wafrah (“snow”) (see there for further descendants)[2][3][4]
References[edit]
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 503-4; 505
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 144; 145
- ^ Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 513