Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kaən

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *kaən.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaən/

Verb

*kaən

1. to eat (consume)

Descendants

Many descendants have simplified the vowel cluster in *kaən to *kan, those with -aə- only preserved in the Philippines and Sulawesi. Some languages prefixed *maN- or *ma- to this root.

• Proto-Philippine:
  • Northern Luzon
    • Ilocano: mangan
    • Limos Kalinga: mangan
    • Pangasinan: mangan
  • Central Luzon
    • Kapampangan: mangan
  • Greater Central Philippine
    • Central Philippine
      • Bikol Central: kakan, kaon
      • Cebuano: kaon
      • Hiligaynon: kaon
      • Sarangani Manobo: kaən
      • Tagalog: kain
    • Danao
      • Maguindanao: kan
      • Maranao: kan
    • Manobo
      • Sarangani Manobo: kaən
• Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
  • Proto-Malayic: *makan
    • Banjarese: makan
    • Iban: makai
    • Malayan:
      • Malay: makan
        • Indonesian: makan
      • Pattani Malay: ماکٍي (makɛ)
    • Urak Lawoi': มากัด (makat)
• Javanese: mangan
• Celebic
  • Balantak: kaan
  • Saluan: kaan
• Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Fordata: an
  • Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
    • Proto-Oceanic:
      • Southern Oceanic:
        • Mwotlap: gen
        • Vurës: gen
      • Central Pacific:
        • Fijian: kana
        • Proto-Polynesian: *kai
          • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
            • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
              • Hawaiian: ʻai
              • Maori: kai
                • → English: kai
              • Rapa Nui: kai
          • Tongan: kai
      • → Tok Pisin: kai