Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ǫda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ánˀd-, perhaps originally meaning “one on which to put on (fishing lure, bait)”, normally interpreted as derivative of *ǫ- +‎ *-da (“locative particle”) (Proto-Indo-European *h₂en- (“on”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put”)). Akin to Latvian uodne (“bar on which the sleigh body stands”), eñdas (“part of a peasant's sleigh”).

Alternative hypotheses conjure possible descent from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to wind”) (per Mladenov) or from *ǫk- (“hook, crook”) +‎ *-da (per Meillet), initially meaning “something flexible, bendable, crooked”. Perhaps cognate with Albanian unazë (“ring”).

Noun

*ǫ̀da f

1. fishing rod

Alternative forms

• *ǫ̀dъ m, *ǫ̀do n

Declension

Declension of *ǫda (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ǫda	*ǫ̀dě	*ǫ̀dy
genitive	*ǫ̀dy	*ǫ̀du	*ǫ̀dъ
dative	*ǫ̀dě	*ǫ̀dama	*ǫ̀damъ
accusative	*ǫ̀dǫ	*ǫ̀dě	*ǫ̀dy
instrumental	*ǫ̀dojǫ, *ǫ̀dǭ**	*ǫ̀dama	*ǫ̀damī
locative	*ǫ̀dě	*ǫ̀du	*ǫ̀dasъ, *ǫ̀daxъ*
vocative	*ǫ̀do	*ǫ̀dě	*ǫ̀dy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *ǫ̀dica, *ǫ̀dъka (diminutive)
• *ǫdidlo (“staff of fishing rod”)
  • *ǫdidlišče (“handle, holder of fishing rod”)

Related terms

• *nada (“addendum, development, expected result”)
• *pridъ, *prida (“supplement, adjunct”)
• *kladъ, *klada (“stand, symbol”)
• *krida (“sift”) (Sorbian)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ѫда (ǫda), уда (uda)
    • Belarusian: ву́да (vúda)
    • Russian: у́да́ (údá) (dated, regional); ундя (undja), ву́да (vúda), у́до n (údo) (dialectal)
      • → Dolgan: удауда
    • ⇒ Old East Slavic: Уда (Uda) (given name)
      • ⇒ Middle Russian: Уда (Uda) (surname)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: ѫда (ǫda)

    Glagolitic script: ⱘⰴⰰ (ǫda)

  • Bulgarian: въдица (vǎdica)
  • Slovene: vǫ́da
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: uda
  • Kashubian: wãda
  • Old Polish: węda
    • Polish: węda (archaic)
  • Slovincian: vãda
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: huda
    • Upper Sorbian: wuda

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “уда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Zhuravlyov, A. F., Varbot, Zh. Zh., editors (2016), “*ǫda / *ǫdъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 40 (*ǫborъkъ – *pakъla), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 10