Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dvorъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dwára (“doorway”), turning masculine by Illič-Svityč's rule, from earlier *dwáran, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwór-o-m, from *dʰwer- (“door”). Compare Latin forum, Old English dor.

Noun

*dvòrъ m

1. court, courtyard

Inflection

Declension of *dvòrъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dvòrъ	*dvorà	*dvorì
genitive	*dvorà	*dvorù	*dvòrъ
dative	*dvorù	*dvoròma	*dvoròmъ
accusative	*dvòrъ	*dvorà	*dvorỳ
instrumental	*dvorъ̀mь, *dvoròmь*	*dvoròma	*dvòry
locative	*dvorě̀	*dvorù	*dvòrěxъ
vocative	*dvore	*dvorà	*dvorì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дворъ (dvorŭ)
    • Belarusian: двор (dvor)
    • Russian: двор (dvor)
    • Ukrainian: двір (dvir)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: дворъ (dvorŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰴⰲⱁⱃⱏ (dvorŭ)

  • Bulgarian: двор (dvor)
  • Macedonian: двор (dvor)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: дво̑р

    Latin script: dvȏr

  • Slovene: dvọ̀r
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: dvór
    • Czech: dvůr
      • Bohemian (Chod dialect): dvůr
  • Polabian: dör
  • Polish: dwór
  • Slovak: dvor
  • Slovincian: dwór
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: dwór
    • Lower Sorbian: dwór

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Hungarian: udvar

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “двор”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dvorъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 169