Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/komarъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Most likely from the onomatopoeic root Proto-Indo-European *komH- (“to hum”) + *-arъ. Brückner and Skok tentatively consider an original or-stem (perhaps Proto-Indo-European *komHṓr ~ *komHorés?) in view of archaic descendants with o-grade ending (e.g. Old Polish komor, komór).

Cognate with Lithuanian kamanė (“bumblebee”), Latvian kamene (“bumblebee”), Old Prussian camus (“bumblebee”) and akin via another root grade to Proto-Slavic *čьmeľь (“bumblebee”), Proto-Germanic *humelaz (“bumblebee”).

Noun

*komãrъ m

1. mosquito
2. (regionally) gnat

   Synonym: *mъšica / *mъšьka

Alternative forms

• *komarь ~ *komařь

Declension

Declension of *komãrъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*komãrъ	*komārà	*komārì
genitive	*komārà	*komārù	*komãrъ
dative	*komārù	*komāròma	*komāròmъ
accusative	*komãrъ	*komārà	*komārỳ
instrumental	*komārъ̀mь, *komāròmь*	*komāròma	*komãry
locative	*komārě̀	*komārù	*komãrěxъ
vocative	*komare	*komārà	*komārì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *komarьcь (diminutive)
• *komarьnъ, *komarovъ/*komařevъ (adjectives)

See also

• *bǫbarъ (“beetle; bumblebee”)
• *bьčela (“bee”)
• *čьmeľь (“bumblebee”)
• *komarъ (“mosquito”)
• *muxa (“fly”)
• *osa (“wasp”)
• *sьrxy (“hornet”)
• *trǫtъ (“drone”)
• *žuža

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: комаръ (komarŭ)
    • Belarusian: кама́р (kamár)
    • Russian: кома́р (komár), кома́ръ (komár)
      • → Yakut: кумаар (kumaar)
        • Dolgan: кумаар (kumaar)
      • → Yiddish: קאָמאַר (komar)
    • Ukrainian: кома́р (komár)
      • → Polish: komar
  • Old East Slavic: *комарь (*komarĭ)
    • Russian: кома́рь (komárʹ) (dialectal)
    • Ukrainian: кома́рь (komárʹ) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: комаръ (komarŭ), комарь (komarĭ)
  • Bulgarian: кома́р (komár)
  • Macedonian: комар (komar)
  • Serbo-Croatian: (dated)

    Cyrillic script: ко̀ма̄р

    Latin script: kòmār

  • Slovene: komár (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: komár
  • Old Polish: komor (cf. e.g. Komorów, Komorowski)
    • Polish: chomor (dialectal)
  • Slovak: komár
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: komar
    • Upper Sorbian: komor

References

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*komarъ/*komarь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 169
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “комар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “комар”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 531
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “комар¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 568