Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trudьnъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From *trudъ (“endevour, work”) + *-ьnъ.
Adjective[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
In South Slavic, the word developed an additional meaning pregnant, probably a calque of Ottoman Turkish یوکلو (literally: burdened, loaded → pregnant).
Inflection[edit]
Indefinite declension of *trudьnъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *trudьnъ | *trudьna | *trudьno |
| genitive | *trudьna | *trudьny | *trudьna |
| dative | *trudьnu | *trudьně | *trudьnu |
| accusative | *trudьnъ | *trudьnǫ | *trudьno |
| instrumental | *trudьnomь | *trudьnojǫ | *trudьnomь |
| locative | *trudьně | *trudьně | *trudьně |
| vocative | *trudьne | *trudьno | *trudьno |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *trudьna | *trudьně | *trudьně |
| genitive | *trudьnu | *trudьnu | *trudьnu |
| dative | *trudьnoma | *trudьnama | *trudьnoma |
| accusative | *trudьna | *trudьně | *trudьně |
| instrumental | *trudьnoma | *trudьnama | *trudьnoma |
| locative | *trudьnu | *trudьnu | *trudьnu |
| vocative | *trudьna | *trudьně | *trudьně |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *trudьni | *trudьny | *trudьna |
| genitive | *trudьnъ | *trudьnъ | *trudьnъ |
| dative | *trudьnomъ | *trudьnamъ | *trudьnomъ |
| accusative | *trudьny | *trudьny | *trudьna |
| instrumental | *trudьny | *trudьnami | *trudьny |
| locative | *trudьněxъ | *trudьnaxъ | *trudьněxъ |
| vocative | *trudьni | *trudьny | *trudьna |
Definite declension of *trudьnъ (hard)
Descendants[edit]
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References[edit]
- ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “trudny”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- ^ Mańczak, Witold (2017) “trudny”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN