Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xlěvъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Borrowed from dialectal Proto-West Germanic *hlēw, from earlier *hlaiw (“shelter”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱloyw-ó-s, from the root *ḱley- (“to cover, shelter”). Cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *klaiwás, *šlaiwás (“bent, crooked”), whence Lithuanian kleĩvas, šleĩvas (“bow-legged”), Latvian klèivs (“bent”).

Noun

*xlě̃vъ m

1. pen, stable, sty

   Synonyms: *staja, *oborъ

Inflection

Declension of *xlě̃vъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*xlě̃vъ	*xlě̄và	*xlě̄vì
genitive	*xlě̄và	*xlě̄vù	*xlě̃vъ
dative	*xlě̄vù	*xlě̄vòma	*xlě̄vòmъ
accusative	*xlě̃vъ	*xlě̄và	*xlě̄vỳ
instrumental	*xlě̄vъ̀mь, *xlě̄vòmь*	*xlě̄vòma	*xlě̃vy
locative	*xlě̄vě̀	*xlě̄vù	*xlě̃věxъ
vocative	*xlěve	*xlě̄và	*xlě̄vì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *xlěvařь, *xlěvьcь (agent nouns)
• *xlěvina, *xlěvьňa (augmentatives)

Related terms

• *klětь (“celler”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: хлѣвъ (xlěvŭ)
    • Belarusian: хлеў (xljeŭ)
    • Russian: хлев (xlev)
    • Ukrainian: хлів (xliv)
    • → Proto-Finnic:
      • Finnish: läävä
      • Ingrian: läävä
      • Karelian: liävä
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: хлѣвъ (xlěvŭ)

  • Bulgarian: хлев (hlev), хляв (hljav) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian:
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    • Cyrillic script: хљев, хли̏јев
    • Latin script: hljev, hlȉjev
  • Slovene: hlẹ̄v (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: chlév
    • Czech: chlév, chlív
  • Kashubian: chléw
  • Polabian: xlev
  • Old Polish: chlew
    • Polish: chlew
    • Silesian: chlyw
  • Slovak: chliev
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: chlěw
    • Upper Sorbian: khlěw

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хлев”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xlevъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 30
• “kleivas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012