Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tōz

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

If Yakut тор (tor, “soot”) is accepted as a cognate, possibly from Proto-Turkic *tōŕ. However, the former is probably rather a Mongolic borrowing, compare тортог (tortog).

Noun

*tōz (Common Turkic)

1. dust
2. powder

Declension

Declension of *tōz (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural2)
nominative	*tōz	*tōzlar
accusative
genitive	*tōznïŋ	*tōzlarnïŋ
dative	*tōzka	*tōzlarka
locative	*tōzda	*tōzlarda
ablative	*tōzdan	*tōzlardan
instrumental1)		*tōzlarïn
equative1)	*tōzča	*tōzlarča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Derived terms

• *tōzan, *tōzïn

Descendants

• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: تُوزْ
    • Chagatai: توز (tuz)
      • Uyghur: توز (toz)
• Kipchak:
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: тоз (toz)
  • Kyrgyz–Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: тоз (toz)
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: toz
    • Ottoman Turkish: توز
      • Gagauz: toz
      • Turkish: toz
      • → Armenian: թոզ (tʻoz)
      • → Cypriot Greek: ττοζιν (ttozin)
        • → Cypriot Arabic: ttozz
      • → Romanian: tos
  • Turkmen: toz
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐱃𐰆𐰔 (toz)
    • Western Yugur: tos
  • South Siberian
    • Northern Altai: тоос (toos)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*tōŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill