Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þweran

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þweraną.

Verb

*þweran

1. to twirl
2. to stir

Inflection

Strong class 4
Infinitive	*þweran
1st sg. past	*þwar
3rd pl. past	*þwārun
Past ptcple	*þworan
Infinitive	*þweran
Genitive infin.	*þwerannjas
Dative infin.	*þwerannjē
Instrum. infin.	*þwerannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*þweru	*þwar
2nd singular	*þwiriʀi	*þwārī
3rd singular	*þwiridi	*þwar
1st plural	*þwerum	*þwārum
2nd plural	*þwirid	*þwārud
3rd plural	*þwerand	*þwārun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*þwerē	*þwārī
2nd singular	*þwerēs	*þwārī
3rd singular	*þwerē	*þwārī
1st plural	*þwerēm	*þwārīm
2nd plural	*þwerēþ	*þwārīd
3rd plural	*þwerēn	*þwārīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*þwir
Plural	*þwirid
	Present	Past
Participle	*þwerandī	*þworan

Derived terms

• *gaþweran
  • Old English: ġeþweran
  • Old High German: gidweran

Descendants

• Old English: þweran
• Old Saxon: *thweran
  • Middle Low German: dwēren
• Old High German: *dweran, *tweran
  • Middle High German: dweren, dwërn, tweren, twërn
    • German: zweren (obsolete)
    • Bavarian: zweren