Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/harjatogō

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Suggested to be a calque of Ancient Greek στρατηγός (stratēgós) (from στρατός (stratós, “army”) +‎ ἄγω (ágō, “to lead”) +‎ -ος (-os)), from *hari (“army”) +‎ *togō (“leader”) (compare *teuhan (“to lead, pull”)). Alternatively inherited from Proto-Germanic *harjatugô, if Old Norse hertogi isn't borrowed from Middle Low German.

Noun

*harjatogō m

1. army leader, commander, general

Inflection

Masculine an-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*harjatogō
Genitive	*harjatogini, *harjatogan
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*harjatogō	*harjatogan
Accusative	*harjatogan	*harjatogan
Genitive	*harjatogini, *harjatogan	*harjatoganō
Dative	*harjatogini, *harjatogan	*harjatogum
Instrumental	*harjatogini, *harjatogan	*harjatogum

Alternative reconstructions

• *haritogō

Descendants

• Old English: heretoga
  • Middle English: heretowa, heretoȝe, heretogh, heretoȝæ, heretoche
    • → English: heretog
  • → English: heretoga
• Old Frisian: hertoga
  • Saterland Frisian: Heertoch
  • West Frisian: hartoch
• Old Saxon: heritogo
  • Middle Low German: hertōge, hertoch
    • German Low German:

      Lippisch: Hertog

    • →? Old Norse: hertogi
      • Icelandic: hertogi
      • Faroese: hertogi
      • Norwegian:

        Norwegian Bokmål: hertug

        Norwegian Nynorsk: hertug

      • Swedish: hertig
      • Danish: hertug
• Old Dutch: *heritogo
  • Middle Dutch: hertōge
    • Dutch: hertog
      • Afrikaans: hertog
• Old High German: herizogo, herizoho
  • Middle High German: herzoge, herzog
    • German: Herzog
      • → Albanian: hercog
      • → Bulgarian: херцо́г (hercóg)
      • → Saterland Frisian: Härtsoch
      • → Georgian: ჰერცოგი (hercogi)
      • → Hungarian: herceg
      • → Latgalian: gercogs
      • → Latvian: hercogs
      • → Lithuanian: hercogas
      • → Luxembourgish: Herzog
      • → Ottoman Turkish: هرسك (hersek)
      • → Russian: ге́рцог (gércog)
        • → Azerbaijani: hersoq
        • → Uzbek: gersog
      • → Translingual: Herzogiella
      • → Ukrainian: ге́рцог (hércoh)
      • → Saterland Frisian: Härtsoch
      • → Serbo-Croatian: Херцег
    • Yiddish: הערצאָג (hertsog)
    • → Slovak: herzog