espionage

English

Etymology

Recorded since 1793, from French espionnage, from Middle French espionner (“to spy”), from Old French espion (“spy”), itself probably from a Germanic source (akin to Old High German spehon "spy"), possibly via Italian spione (from spia). More at spy

Pronunciation

Wikipedia

• IPA: /ˈɛs.pi.ə.nɑːʒ/, SAMPA: /"Es.pI.@.nA:Z/

'ĕs-pē-ŭ-näzh also Canadian -năzh; -nizh

Noun

espionage (countable and uncountable; plural espionages)

1. The act or process of learning secret information through clandestine means.

Synonyms

• spying

Derived terms

• counterespionage
• industrial espionage

Coordinate terms

• reconnaissance
• undercover

Translations

act of learning secret information through clandestine means

Arabic: تجسس (ar) (tajássus) m., جاسوسية (ar) (jasusíyya) f. Bulgarian: шпионаж (bg) m. Catalan: espionatge (ca) m. Chinese: Mandarin: 間諜活動 (cmn), 间谍活动 (cmn) (jiàndié huódòng) Croatian: špijunáža (hr) f. Czech: špionáž (cs) f. Danish: spionage (da) c. Dutch: spionage (nl) Esperanto: spionado (eo) Finnish: vakoilu (fi) French: espionnage (fr) m. German: Spionage (de) f.

Greek: κατασκοπεία (el) (kataskopeía) f. Hebrew: ריגול (he) (rigol) Hindi: जासूसी (hi) (jāsūsī) Hungarian: kémkedés (hu) Italian: spionaggio (it) m. Japanese: スパイ行為 (ja) (supai-kōi) Norwegian: spionasje m. Persian: جاسوسی (fa) (jâsusi) Polish: szpiegostwo (pl) n., wywiad (pl) m. Russian: шпионаж (ru) (špionáž) m. Spanish: espionaje (es) m. Thai: จารกรรม (th) (jaa-rá-gam) Urdu: جاسوسی (ur) (jāsūsī)

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Translations to be checked

Japanese: kanji: 諜報活動 hiragana: ちょうほうかつどう romaji: chōhō katsudō

Korean: hangul: 간첩, 간첩행위 romaja: gancheob, gancheophaengwi Latin: speculatio Portuguese: espionagem Turkish: casusluk