na'kwaka

Ye'kwana

Variant orthographies

ALIV	na'kwaka
Brazilian standard	na'kwaka
New Tribes	na'cwaca

Alternative forms

• na'kuka, na'kukwa

Etymology

Likely from an irregular contraction of tuna (“water”) +‎ kwaka (“at, in, to (a body of water)”). Compare na'kwawö.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [naʔkʷaka]

Adverb

na'kwaka

1. in the water, in the river

Derived terms

• na'kwakano
• na'kwaka ökato

 

References

• Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “na'kwaka”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎^[1], Lyon, page 270
• Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, pages 222, 239, 269, 394:

  na:ka'ka 'in the river' […] Both regressive and progressive reduplication occur in the lexical item in the following example which varies as progressive with the /u/ and regressive with the /a/: na:'kuka / na:'kwakwa / na:'kukwa 'in the river' […] na:'-ku-ka > na:'-ku-kwa 'in the river' […] na:'kuka - in the river

• Hall, Katherine (2007) “nākukwāno”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series‎^[2], Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021