pa- -an

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• pa- -han

Circumfix

pa- -an (Baybayin spelling ᜉ ◌ᜈ᜔)

1. (causative) Object trigger - have someone do something

   pa- -an + bukas (“open”) → pabuksan (“to have someone open something”)

   Pinabuksan ko kay papa ang pinto.

   I had dad open the door.

2. (causative) Object trigger - indicates performance of the action of the verb on or to an object

   pa- -an + lagay (“put”) → palagyan (“to have someone put something somewhere”)

   Pinalagyan ni Maribel ng carpet ang sahig.

   Maribel had someone put a carpet on the floor.

Usage notes

• Normally, /h/ is inserted before -an when the root word ends with a vowel that is not followed by a glottal stop.

  ‎upa + ‎pa- -an → ‎paupahan

  ‎laki + ‎pa- -an → ‎palakihan

• Due to allophony, /d/ turns into /r/ when inserted before -an or after pa-.

  ‎likod + ‎pa- -an → ‎palikuran

  ‎dami + ‎pa- -an → ‎paramihan

  ‎dangal + ‎pa- -an → ‎parangalan

Derived terms

Tagalog terms circumfixed with pa- -an

Further reading

• https://learningtagalog.com/grammar/verbs/verb_affixes/paan_1.html
• https://learningtagalog.com/grammar/verbs/verb_affixes/paan_2.html