αἴτιος
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See also: αίτιος
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From an unattested *αἶτος (*aîtos, “share”) + -ιος (-ios), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éy-ti-s, from *h₂ey- (“to give”). Cognates include αἰτέω (aitéō, “to ask”), Tocharian B ai- (“to give, take”), Oscan aetis (“part (of a possession)”), and perhaps Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (aēta) (though the latter is disputed by Beekes).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ǎi̯.ti.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈɛ.ti.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈɛ.ti.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈe.ti.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈe.ti.os/
Adjective
[edit]αἴτῐος • (aítios) m (feminine αἰτῐ́ᾱ, neuter αἴτῐον); first/second declension
- causing, being the author of, responsible for
- to blame, blameworthy, guilty, reprehensible, culpable
Inflection
[edit]Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | αἴτῐος aítios |
αἰτῐ́ᾱ aitíā |
αἴτῐον aítion |
αἰτῐ́ω aitíō |
αἰτῐ́ᾱ aitíā |
αἰτῐ́ω aitíō |
αἴτῐοι aítioi |
αἴτῐαι aítiai |
αἴτῐᾰ aítia | |||||
Genitive | αἰτῐ́ου aitíou |
αἰτῐ́ᾱς aitíās |
αἰτῐ́ου aitíou |
αἰτῐ́οιν aitíoin |
αἰτῐ́αιν aitíain |
αἰτῐ́οιν aitíoin |
αἰτῐ́ων aitíōn |
αἰτῐ́ων aitíōn |
αἰτῐ́ων aitíōn | |||||
Dative | αἰτῐ́ῳ aitíōi |
αἰτῐ́ᾳ aitíāi |
αἰτῐ́ῳ aitíōi |
αἰτῐ́οιν aitíoin |
αἰτῐ́αιν aitíain |
αἰτῐ́οιν aitíoin |
αἰτῐ́οις aitíois |
αἰτῐ́αις aitíais |
αἰτῐ́οις aitíois | |||||
Accusative | αἴτῐον aítion |
αἰτῐ́ᾱν aitíān |
αἴτῐον aítion |
αἰτῐ́ω aitíō |
αἰτῐ́ᾱ aitíā |
αἰτῐ́ω aitíō |
αἰτῐ́ους aitíous |
αἰτῐ́ᾱς aitíās |
αἴτῐᾰ aítia | |||||
Vocative | αἴτῐε aítie |
αἰτῐ́ᾱ aitíā |
αἴτῐον aítion |
αἰτῐ́ω aitíō |
αἰτῐ́ᾱ aitíā |
αἰτῐ́ω aitíō |
αἴτῐοι aítioi |
αἴτῐαι aítiai |
αἴτῐᾰ aítia | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
αἰτῐ́ως aitíōs |
αἰτῐώτερος aitiṓteros |
αἰτῐώτᾰτος aitiṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- αἰτέω (aitéō)
Noun
[edit]αἴτῐος • (aítios) m (genitive αἰτίου); second declension
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ αἴτῐος ho aítios |
τὼ αἰτῐ́ω tṑ aitíō |
οἱ αἴτῐοι hoi aítioi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ αἰτῐ́ου toû aitíou |
τοῖν αἰτῐ́οιν toîn aitíoin |
τῶν αἰτῐ́ων tôn aitíōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ αἰτῐ́ῳ tôi aitíōi |
τοῖν αἰτῐ́οιν toîn aitíoin |
τοῖς αἰτῐ́οις toîs aitíois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν αἴτῐον tòn aítion |
τὼ αἰτῐ́ω tṑ aitíō |
τοὺς αἰτῐ́ους toùs aitíous | ||||||||||
Vocative | αἴτῐε aítie |
αἰτῐ́ω aitíō |
αἴτῐοι aítioi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αἴτιος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 45
Further reading
[edit]- “αἴτιος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “αἴτιος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “αἴτιος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- αἴτιος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- αἴτιος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- αἴτιος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “αἴτιος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G159 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- accountable idem, page 7.
- author idem, page 53.
- cause idem, page 118.
- culprit idem, page 188.
- guilty idem, page 379.
- inculpated idem, page 431.
- instrumental idem, page 447.
- perpetrator idem, page 607.
- productive idem, page 645.
- responsible idem, page 704.
- “αἴτιος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ey- (give)
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ιος
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension