πῖλος

See also: πηλός and πίλος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pilos. Cognates include Latin pilus (“a hair”), pila (“a ball”), Old Church Slavonic плъсть (plŭstĭ), and Old English felt (English felt).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pîː.los/ → /ˈpi.los/ → /ˈpi.los/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pîː.los/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.los/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.los/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.los/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.los/

Noun

πῖλος • (pîlos) m (genitive πῑ́λου); second declension

1. wool or hair wrought into felt
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.265
2. anything made of felt, especially a felt skullcap
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 544
   1. a felt shoe
      • 519 BCE – 422 BCE, Cratinus, Soft Ones 5
   2. felt cloth
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.23, 73, 75
3. a cottony ball formed on some trees
   • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On Plants 3.7,4
   • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On Plants 4.8,7
   1. a ball, globe
4. translation for Latin pilus, as in primus pilus

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ πῖλος; τοῦ πῑ́λου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πῖλος ho pîlos	τὼ πῑ́λω tṑ pī́lō	οἱ πῖλοι hoi pîloi
Genitive	τοῦ πῑ́λου toû pī́lou	τοῖν πῑ́λοιν toîn pī́loin	τῶν πῑ́λων tôn pī́lōn
Dative	τῷ πῑ́λῳ tôi pī́lōi	τοῖν πῑ́λοιν toîn pī́loin	τοῖς πῑ́λοις toîs pī́lois
Accusative	τὸν πῖλον tòn pîlon	τὼ πῑ́λω tṑ pī́lō	τοὺς πῑ́λους toùs pī́lous
Vocative	πῖλε pîle	πῑ́λω pī́lō	πῖλοι pîloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “felt skullcap”): πέτασος (pétasos)

Derived terms

• πιλέω (piléō)
• πίλινος (pílinos)

 

Descendants

• Greek: πίλος (pílos)

Further reading

• “πῖλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πῖλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πῖλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πῖλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• πῖλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • felt idem, page 315.