ܙܒܢܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܙ ܡ ܢ (z m n)
4 terms

From a variant of Aramaic זִמְנָא (zimnā), itself either from Old Persian *jamānā or Akkadian simānu. The meaning of time as an abstract concept is from Persian influence. Compare Hebrew זְמַן (z'mán), Arabic زَمَان (zamān) and Persian زمان (zamân).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [zaw.nɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [zo.nɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [zav.nɑː]
• (Tyari) IPA^(key): [zaw.nɑː]

Noun

ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ • (zaḇnā) m sg (plural ܙܲܒ݂ܢܹ̈ܐ (zaḇnē))

1. (uncountable) time (inevitable passing of events)

   ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܥܵܒ݂ܹܪ ܩܲܠܘܼܠܵܐ ܟܲܕ݂ ܡܲܒܣܸܡ ܚܲܕ݇. ― zaḇnā kē ˁāḇēr qalūlā kaḏ mabsim ḥa. ― Time passes fast when you have fun.

2. (countable) a time, epoch, era, age, season

   ܦܝܼܫ ܠܹܗ ܦܩܝܼܥܵܐ ܒܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܟܒ݂ܘܼܫܝܵܐ. ― pīš lēh pqīˁā b-zaḇnā dkḇušyā. ― It was bombed during the time of the occupation.

   ܗܵܕ݂ܹܐ ܟܹܐ ܕܵܥܪܵܐ ܠܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܐܸܡܦܪܵܛܘܿܪܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ ― hāḏē kē dāˁrā l-zaḇnā d-imprāṭōrūṯā ― This dates back to the time of the empire.

3. (grammar) a tense (verb form distinguishing time)

   ’ܟܬ݂ܝܼܒ ܠܝܼ‘ ܝܠܹܗ ܡܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ ܒܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ. ― ‘kṯīb lī’ ìlēh milṯā b-zaḇnā daˁḇar. ― ‘ܟܬ݂ܝܼܒ݂ ܠܝܼ (kṯīḇ lī, “I wrote”)’ is a verb in the past tense.

Inflection

Inflection of ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (zaḇnā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܝܼ (zaḇnī)		ܙܲܒ݂ܢܲܢ (zaḇnan)
	construct	ܙܒ݂ܲܢ (zḇan)	2nd person	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܘܼܟ݂ (zaḇnūḵ)	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܟ݂ܝ (zaḇnāḵ)	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (zaḇnāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (zaḇnā)	3rd person	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܹܗ (zaḇnēh)	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܗ̇ (zaḇnāh)	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܗܘܿܢ (zaḇnhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܝܼ̈ (zaḇnī)		ܙܲܒ݂ܢܲܢ̈ (zaḇnan)
	construct	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܲܝ̈ (zaḇnay)	2nd person	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (zaḇnūḵ)	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (zaḇnāḵ)	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (zaḇnāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܹ̈ܐ (zaḇnē)	3rd person	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ (zaḇnūh)	ܙܲܒ݂ܢ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (zaḇnōh)	ܙܲܒ݂ܢܗ̈ܘܿܢ (zaḇnhōn)

Synonyms

• (time): ܥܸܕܵܢܵܐ (ˁiddānā)
• (measurement): ܡܸܬ݂ܚܵܐ (miṯḥā)

Hyponyms

• ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܩܵܐܹܡ (zaḇnā dqāˀēm, “present tense”)
• ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ (zaḇnā daˁḇar, “past tense”)
• ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܲܥܬܝܼܕ݂ (zaḇnā daˁtīḏ, “future tense”)

 

Derived terms

• ܒܟܠ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (b-kul zaḇnā, “always, at all times”)
• ܒܲܪ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (bar zaḇnā, “contemporary”)
• ܙܒ݂ܲܢ݇ܬܵܐ (zḇattā, “time, occurrence”)
• ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (zaḇnānāˀīṯ, “temporarily”)
• ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (zaḇnānāyūṯā, “temporality”)
• ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܢܵܝܵܐ (zaḇnānāyā, “temporary”)
• ܟܵܐܹܠ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (kāˀēl zaḇnā, “to time”)
• ܡ̣ܢ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (min zaḇnā, “long ago”)
• ܡܲܫܘܹܐ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (mašwē zaḇnā, “to synchronize”)

 

Etymology 2

Root
ܙ ܒ ܢ (z b n)
4 terms

From ܙܵܒ݂ܹܢ (zāḇēn, “to buy, purchase”)

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [zɪw.nɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [zɪv.nɑː]

Noun

ܙܸܒ݂ܢܵܐ • (ziḇnā) m sg (plural ܙܸܒ݂ܢܹ̈ܐ (ziḇnē))

1. purchase

Inflection

Inflection of ܙܸܒ݂ܢܵܐ (ziḇnā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܝܼ (ziḇnī)		ܙܸܒ݂ܢܲܢ (ziḇnan)
	construct	ܙܒ݂ܸܢ (zḇin)	2nd person	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܘܼܟ݂ (ziḇnūḵ)	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܵܟ݂ܝ (ziḇnāḵ)	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ziḇnāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܵܐ (ziḇnā)	3rd person	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܹܗ (ziḇnēh)	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܵܗ̇ (ziḇnāh)	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܗܘܿܢ (ziḇnhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܝܼ̈ (ziḇnī)		ܙܸܒ݂ܢܲܢ̈ (ziḇnan)
	construct	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܲܝ̈ (ziḇnay)	2nd person	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ziḇnūḵ)	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ziḇnāḵ)	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ziḇnāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܹ̈ܐ (ziḇnē)	3rd person	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ziḇnūh)	ܙܸܒ݂ܢ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ziḇnōh)	ܙܸܒ݂ܢܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ziḇnhōn)

See also

• ܙܘܼܒܵܢܵܐ (zubbānā, “sale”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Old Persian *jamānā, from Proto-Iranian *ǰámaHnaH.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zavnɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [zavne] (plural)

Noun

ܙܒܢܐ • (zaḇnā) c (plural ܙܒܢܐ (zaḇnē))

1. time
2. temporality, ephemerality
3. caducity, fragility
4. epoch, era, age
5. occasion, moment, instance
6. season
7. (grammar) tense

Usage notes

Usually, the sense of "moment" or "instance" is feminine while all other senses are masculine.

Inflection

    inflection of ܙܒܢܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܙܒܢ	ܙܒܢܝܢ
construct	ܙܒܢ	ܙܒܢܝ
emphatic	ܙܒܢܐ	ܙܒܢܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܙܒܢܝ	ܙܒܢܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܙܒܢܟ	ܙܒܢܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܙܒܢܟܝ	ܙܒܢܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܙܒܢܗ	ܙܒܢܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܙܒܢܗ	ܙܒܢܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܙܒܢܢ	ܙܒܢܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܙܒܢܟܘܢ	ܙܒܢܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܙܒܢܟܝܢ	ܙܒܢܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܙܒܢܗܘܢ	ܙܒܢܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܙܒܢܗܝܢ	ܙܒܢܝܗܝܢ

See also

• ܙܒܢܬܐ

Etymology 2

From the root ܙ-ܒ-ܢ (z-b-n) related to purchasing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [z(ə)vɑnɑ], [zɛvnɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [z(ə)vɑne], [zɛvne] (plural)

Noun

ܙܒܢܐ • (zəḇānā, zeḇnā) m (plural ܙܒܢܐ (zəḇānē, zeḇnē))

1. purchasing, purchase
2. merchandise

Inflection

    inflection of ܙܒܢܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܙܒܢ	ܙܒܢܝܢ
construct	ܙܒܢ	ܙܒܢܝ
emphatic	ܙܒܢܐ	ܙܒܢܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܙܒܢܝ	ܙܒܢܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܙܒܢܟ	ܙܒܢܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܙܒܢܟܝ	ܙܒܢܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܙܒܢܗ	ܙܒܢܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܙܒܢܗ	ܙܒܢܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܙܒܢܢ	ܙܒܢܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܙܒܢܟܘܢ	ܙܒܢܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܙܒܢܟܝܢ	ܙܒܢܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܙܒܢܗܘܢ	ܙܒܢܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܙܒܢܗܝܢ	ܙܒܢܝܗܝܢ

See also

• ܙܘܒܢܐ (zubbānā)

References

• “zbn²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “zbn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 83b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 109b–110a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 363a–b