Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/baṭal-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Verb

*baṭal-

1. to be idle, to be vain, to be null
2. to become idle, to become vain, to cease

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/baṭal- (paʕala)

verbal noun					*baṭl-
active participle					*bāṭil-
		singular				dual				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	*baṭalku	*baṭalka	*baṭala		*baṭalkayā	*baṭalkā	*baṭalā		*baṭalna	*baṭalkanu	*baṭalū
	f		*baṭalki	*baṭalat				*baṭalatā			*baṭalkina	*baṭalā
imperfect	m	*ʔabṭul	*tabṭul	*yibṭul		*tabṭulā	*yabṭulā	*nibṭul		*tabṭulū	*yibṭulū
	f		*tabṭulī	*tabṭul			*tabṭulā			*tabṭulā	*yibṭulā
imperative	m		*baṭul			*baṭulā				*baṭulū
	f		*baṭulī							*baṭulā

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒁀𒁕𒇻𒌝 (baṭālum, “to cease, to come to an end”)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: بَطَلَ (baṭala, “to become null, to become void”)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic: בְּטַל (bəṭal, “to cease; to be invalid”)
        • Classical Syriac: ܒܛܶܠ (bəṭel, “to cease, to be abolished, to perish”)
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: בָּטַל (batál, bāṭal, “to be idle, to be worthless”)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Amharic: በጠለ (bäṭṭälä, “to be spoiled, to be ruined, to be abolished”)
    • Ge'ez: በጠለ (bäṭälä, “to be futile, to be void; to be reduced to nothing, to be abolished”)

References

• Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 113