-ваем

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Bulgarian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *-vajemъ, present passive participle ending of va-conjugation verbs. In Modern Bulgarian, the derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as normal adjectives.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [-vɐɛm]
  • Audio:(file)

Suffix

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-ваем (-vaem)

  1. (productive) Deverbal from transitive verbs in va-conjugation, forms adjectives expressing capacity, susceptibility, eventuality, or condition: -able
    надувам (naduvam, to blow up, inflate)надуваем (naduvaem, inflatable)
    откривам (otkrivam, to find)откриваем (otkrivaem, detectable)
    узнавам (uznavam, to learn, to figure out)узнаваем (uznavaem, recognizable)
    продавам (prodavam, to sell)продаваем (prodavaem, saleable)
  2. (obsolete) Deverbal from transitive verbs in ova-conjugation, forms adjectives expressing capacity, susceptibility, eventuality, or condition: -able
    прониквам (pronikvam, to penetrate)проникваем (pronikvaem, penetrable, permeable)
    сгъ(б)вам (sg(b)vam, to fold)сгъваем (sgǎvaem, foldable)
    покупвам (pokupvam, to purchase)покупваем (pokupvaem, purchasable)
    очаквам (očakvam, to expect)очакваем (očakvaem, expectable)

Usage notes

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Historically, the expected present passive participle of verbs in Bulgarian -вам (-vam) (from Common Slavic *ova-conjugation) is -уем (-uem). The alternative -ваем (-vaem) is generalized by the historical va-conjugation.

Alternative forms

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Derived terms

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References

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  • St. Stoyanov (1983) “Прилагателни имена от причастия”, in Граматика на съвременния български книжовен език, volume 2, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 150