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==Old High German== |
==Old High German== |
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===Etymology=== |
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Compared to Gothic ''[[airkniþa]]'' "''ingenuitas''", from a supposed ''airkns'' "genuine, true; holy" (in ''[[unairkns|unaírkns]]'' "unholy, impure"), and Old English ''[[eorcnanstan|eorcnan-stan]]'' "precious stone, gem" (see [[eorcnan]], [[erce]]). |
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An archaic Germanic word from the sacral sphere. Its original meaning is difficult to reconstruct as it belonged to the pagan religious vocabulary obscured after Christianization. |
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Pokorny (1959) tentatively groups the word with {{proto|Indo-European|arǵ-|glittering, white|lang=xcl}} ([[ἀργός]], [[argentum]]), but Gothic ''ark-'' may also be an early loan of ''[[archi-]]'' ([[ἀρχι-]]), c.f. Ulfilan ''arkaggilus'' for ''[[archangelus]]''. |
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Formerly also compared to Sanskrit [[अर्चन]] ''arcana'' "homage (paid to deities and to superiors)", root {{term|अर्च्||to praise, sing|tr=arc|lang=sa}} ( {{proto|Indo-European|erkʷ-|to shine; to praise|lang=xcl}}), |
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<!-- Sanskrit {{term|अर्क||ray, flash of lightning; praise hymn, song|tr=arká|lang=sa}}, {{term|ऋच||radiance; poem, verse|tr=ṛc|lang=sa}}, Old Irish {{term|erc||sky, heaven|lang=sga}}, Tocharian A {{term|yärk||lang=xto}}, Tocharian B {{term|yarke||worship, veneration|lang=txb}}, {{term| երգ ||song, poem|lang=hy}}. |
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But in this case the (uncertain) Gothic ''airkns'' cannot be the Germanic reflex of this root, as ''*erkʷ-'' would result in Gothic ''*airƕ-''. |
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--> |
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or alternatively Sanskrit [[अर्हण]] ''arhana'' "worship", root {{term|अर्ह् ||to be worthy|tr=arh|lang=sa}} (Diefenbach 1851). |
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===Adjective=== |
===Adjective=== |
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====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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* [[erchanpruoder]] "full brother, ''germanus''" |
* [[erchanpruoder]] "full brother, ''germanus''" |
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* [[Erchtag]] |
* [[Erchtag]] {{qualifier|archaic, Bavarian}} "Tuesday" |
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===References=== |
===References=== |
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* Eberhard Gottlieb Graff, Hans Ferdinand Massmann, '' |
* Eberhard Gottlieb Graff, Hans Ferdinand Massmann, '' Althochdeutscher Sprachschatz, oder, Wörterbuch der althochdeutschen Sprache'', 1834, p. 468. |
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* Grimm, ''[[:w:Deutsche Mythologie|Deutsche Mythologie]]'' (1835, trans. Stallybrass 1888), 113; 182—185. |
* Grimm, ''[[:w:Deutsche Mythologie|Deutsche Mythologie]]'' (1835, trans. Stallybrass 1888), 113; 182—185. |
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* Bopp, ''Comparative Grammar'' (1815, trans. Eastwick 1862), [http://books.google.ch/books?id=smgIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA1285 p. 1285]. |
* Bopp, ''Comparative Grammar'' (1815, trans. Eastwick 1862), [http://books.google.ch/books?id=smgIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA1285 p. 1285]. |
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*Hjalmar Falk, Alf Torp, ''Wortschatz der germanischen Spracheinheit'', part 3, 5th ed., |
* Hjalmar Falk, Alf Torp, ''Wortschatz der germanischen Spracheinheit'', part 3, 5th ed., Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1979, ISBN 9783525264058, [http://books.google.ch/books?id=yILUGjzSotAC&pg=PA26 p. 26]. |
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*Lorenz Diefenbach, ''Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache'', J. Baer, 1851 [http://books.google.ch/books?id=JW4JAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA23 p. 23]. |
* Lorenz Diefenbach, ''Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache'', J. Baer, 1851 [http://books.google.ch/books?id=JW4JAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA23 p. 23]. |
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Revision as of 17:51, 9 April 2012
Old High German
Adjective
erchan
- sublime, chief, special, egregious, genuine, true (?)
- der erchano sangheri (=egregius psaltes, Isaiah 4:2)
- ercna euua (=certa lege Isaiah 2:1)
- allero specierum erchenosta (=speciem specialissimam)
- Also ih tes mennisken boteh einen toten mennisken heizo, nals nicht erchenen mennisken (Notker trans. Boethius 5[1] = Nam uti cadauer hominem mortuum dixeris, simpliciter uero hominem appellare non possis "For though you might call a cadaver 'a dead man', you cannot just simply call it 'a man' [viz. it is not genuinely a man].")
Derived terms
- erchanpruoder "full brother, germanus"
- Erchtag (archaic, Bavarian) "Tuesday"
References
- Eberhard Gottlieb Graff, Hans Ferdinand Massmann, Althochdeutscher Sprachschatz, oder, Wörterbuch der althochdeutschen Sprache, 1834, p. 468.
- Grimm, Deutsche Mythologie (1835, trans. Stallybrass 1888), 113; 182—185.
- Bopp, Comparative Grammar (1815, trans. Eastwick 1862), p. 1285.
- Hjalmar Falk, Alf Torp, Wortschatz der germanischen Spracheinheit, part 3, 5th ed., Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1979, ISBN 9783525264058, p. 26.
- Lorenz Diefenbach, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, J. Baer, 1851 p. 23.