νῶκαρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Frisk includes this word under the derivatives of the root *neḱ- (“perish, disappear”), but a long vowel is entirely unmotivated in this formation. On the other hand, Furnée connects it with νωχελής (nōkhelḗs, “slow, sluggish, dull”), which fits well semantically. The ending -αρ is typical of Pre-Greek words, like ἐλίμαρ (elímar), κύδαρ (kúdar) and σῦφαρ (sûphar).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /nɔ̂ː.kar/ → /ˈno.kar/ → /ˈno.kar/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /nɔ̂ː.kar/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈno.kar/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈno.kar/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈno.kar/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈno.kar/

Noun

νῶκᾰρ • (nôkar) n (genitive νώκᾰρος); third declension

1. lethargy, deep sleep

   Synonyms: κᾰ́ρος (káros), κῶμᾰ (kôma)

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ νῶκᾰρ; τοῦ νώκᾰρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ νῶκᾰρ tò nôkar	τὼ νώκᾰρε tṑ nṓkare	τᾰ̀ νώκᾰρᾰ tà nṓkara
Genitive	τοῦ νώκᾰρος toû nṓkaros	τοῖν νωκᾰ́ροιν toîn nōkároin	τῶν νωκᾰ́ρων tôn nōkárōn
Dative	τῷ νώκᾰρῐ tôi nṓkari	τοῖν νωκᾰ́ροιν toîn nōkároin	τοῖς νώκᾰρσῐ / νώκᾰρσῐν toîs nṓkarsi(n)
Accusative	τὸ νῶκᾰρ tò nôkar	τὼ νώκᾰρε tṑ nṓkare	τᾰ̀ νώκᾰρᾰ tà nṓkara
Vocative	νῶκᾰρ nôkar	νώκᾰρε nṓkare	νώκᾰρᾰ nṓkara
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• νωκαρώδης (nōkarṓdēs)

Further reading

• “νῶκαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• νῶκαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN