πράσον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥so- (“leek”), and connected with Latin porrum (“leek”) and Albanian presh. However, Beekes does not rule out a Pre-Greek origin due to its semantic category (vegetable names are usually derived from substrates in Indo-European languages).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /prá.son/ → /ˈpra.son/ → /ˈpra.son/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /prá.son/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpra.son/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpra.son/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpra.son/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpra.son/

Noun

πρᾰ́σον • (práson) n (genitive πρᾰ́σου); second declension

1. leek, Allium ampeloprasum (syn. Allium porrum)

Declension

Second declension of τὸ πρᾰ́σον; τοῦ πρᾰ́σου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πρᾰ́σον tò práson	τὼ πρᾰ́σω tṑ prásō	τᾰ̀ πρᾰ́σᾰ tà prása
Genitive	τοῦ πρᾰ́σου toû prásou	τοῖν πρᾰ́σοιν toîn prásoin	τῶν πρᾰ́σων tôn prásōn
Dative	τῷ πρᾰ́σῳ tôi prásōi	τοῖν πρᾰ́σοιν toîn prásoin	τοῖς πρᾰ́σοις toîs prásois
Accusative	τὸ πρᾰ́σον tò práson	τὼ πρᾰ́σω tṑ prásō	τᾰ̀ πρᾰ́σᾰ tà prása
Vocative	πρᾰ́σον práson	πρᾰ́σω prásō	πρᾰ́σᾰ prása
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀγρῐόπρᾰσον (agrióprason)
• ἀμπελόπρασον (ampelóprason)
• πράσινος (prásinos)
• πράσιον (prásion)
• πράσιος (prásios)

 

Descendants

• Greek: πράσο (práso), πράσσο n (prásso)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: پراصه (prasa, pırasa), پراسه (prasa, pırasa)
    • Turkish: pırasa
    • → Armenian: փըրասա (pʻərasa), փըռասա (pʻəṙasa)
    • → Middle Armenian: փռասա (pʻṙasa)
    • → Ladino: prasa
• → Coptic: ⲡⲗⲁⲥⲥⲁ (plassa)
• → Laz: პრასკჲა (p̌rasǩya), პროსკჲა (p̌rosǩya), პრასა (p̌rasa), პრასკა (p̌rasǩa), პოსკჲა (p̌osǩya), პროსკა (p̌rosǩa), პასქია (p̌askia)
• → Mingrelian: პურასკია (ṗurasḳia), პურასქია (ṗuraskia)
  • → Abkhaz: а-прасқьиа (a-pʼraskja)
• → Old Armenian: պրաս (pras), պրախ (prax), պրասխ (prasx), պարասխ (parasx)
  • Armenian: պրաս (pras)
  • Middle Armenian: պռաս (pṙas)
• → Old Church Slavonic: прасъ (prasŭ), празъ (prazŭ)
• → Old Georgian: პრასაჲ (ṗrasay)
  • Georgian: პრასი (ṗrasi), პრასა (ṗrasa)
    • → Bats: პრას (ṗras)
    • → Ossetian: прасӕ (prasæ), праса (prasa)
• → Romanian: praz

Further reading

• “πράσον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πράσον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πράσον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • leek idem, page 484.
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “պրաս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 114a
• Walde, Alois (1927) Julius Pokorny, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 84
• Boisacq, Émile (1916) “πράσον”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque (in French), Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 810
• Walde, Alois (1910) “porrum, porrus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 2nd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 601–602