προσπάθεια

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From προσπᾰθέω (prospăthéō, “to feel passionate love for”) +‎ -ειᾰ (-eiă) or προσπᾰθής (prospăthḗs, “impressionable”) +‎ -ειᾰ (-eiă), both ultimately from the same roots.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pros.pá.tʰeː.a/ → /prosˈpa.θi.a/ → /prosˈpa.θi.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pros.pá.tʰeː.a/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /prosˈpa.tʰi.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /prosˈpa.θi.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /prosˈpa.θi.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /prosˈpa.θi.a/

Noun

προσπᾰ́θειᾰ • (prospắtheiă) f (genitive προσπᾰθείᾱς); first declension

1. passionate attachment
2. (later philosophy) clinging of the soul to the body and its passions

Declension

First declension of ἡ προσπᾰ́θειᾰ; τῆς προσπᾰθείᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ προσπᾰ́θειᾰ hē prospắtheiă	τὼ προσπᾰθείᾱ tṑ prospătheíā	αἱ προσπᾰ́θειαι hai prospắtheiai
Genitive	τῆς προσπᾰθείᾱς tês prospătheíās	τοῖν προσπᾰθείαιν toîn prospătheíain	τῶν προσπᾰθειῶν tôn prospătheiôn
Dative	τῇ προσπᾰθείᾳ tēî prospătheíāi	τοῖν προσπᾰθείαιν toîn prospătheíain	ταῖς προσπᾰθείαις taîs prospătheíais
Accusative	τὴν προσπᾰ́θειᾰν tḕn prospắtheiăn	τὼ προσπᾰθείᾱ tṑ prospătheíā	τᾱ̀ς προσπᾰθείᾱς tā̀s prospătheíās
Vocative	προσπᾰ́θειᾰ prospắtheiă	προσπᾰθείᾱ prospătheíā	προσπᾰ́θειαι prospắtheiai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: προσπάθεια (prospátheia)

Further reading

• “προσπάθεια”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “προσπάθεια” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• προσπάθεια in Pape, Wilhelm (1914), Max Sengebusch, editor, Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache‎^[1] (in German), 3rd edition, Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
• προσπάθεια, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Etymology

From Koine Greek προσπάθεια (prospátheia). By surface analysis, προσπαθώ (prospathó) +‎ -εια (-eia).

Noun

προσπάθεια • (prospátheia) f (plural προσπάθειες)

1. (the action of trying at something): attempt, try; go (informal)

   Synonym: απόπειρα f (apópeira)

   Κάθε ανταγωνιστής επιτρέπεται τρεις προσπάθειες.

   Káthe antagonistís epitrépetai treis prospátheies.

   Each competitor is allowed three attempts.

Declension

Declension of προσπάθεια

	singular	plural
nominative	προσπάθεια (prospátheia)	προσπάθειες (prospátheies)
genitive	προσπάθειας (prospátheias)	προσπαθειών (prospatheión)
accusative	προσπάθεια (prospátheia)	προσπάθειες (prospátheies)
vocative	προσπάθεια (prospátheia)	προσπάθειες (prospátheies)

Related terms

• προσπαθώ (prospathó, “to attempt”)

Further reading

• προσπάθεια, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language