ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ

Coptic

Alternative forms

• ϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ (xōteb) — Bohairic
• ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ (hōteb) — Fayyumic, Sahidic
• ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ (hoteb) — Fayyumic
• ϩⲱⲧⲃ (hōtb) — Sahidic
• ⳉⲱⲧⲃⲉ (xōtbe) — Akhmimic

Etymology

Inherited from Demotic ẖtb (“to kill”), from Egyptian ẖdb (“to kill”).

Verb

ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ • (hōtbe) (nominal state ϩⲁⲧⲃ-, pronominal state ϩⲁⲧⲃ⸗, stative ϩⲁⲧⲃⲉ+, conjunct participle ϩⲁⲧⲃⲉ-)

1. (Lycopolitan, transitive, intransitive) to kill

Conjugation

Conjugation of ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ (Lycopolitan dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ hōtbe	imperative	affirmative	ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ hōtbe
	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tm̄hōtbe		negative	ⲙ̄ⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄nhōtbe, m̄pr̄hōtbe

			singular					plural			nominal
			1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
				masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
present	basic		ϯϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tihōtbe	ⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ khōtbe	ⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tehōtbe	ϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ fhōtbe	ⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ shōtbe	ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tn̄hōtbe	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tetn̄hōtbe	ⲥⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ sehōtbe	ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ hōtbe
	circumstantial, focalising		ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eïhōtbe	ⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ekhōtbe	ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ erehōtbe	ⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ efhōtbe	ⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eshōtbe	ⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ enhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ euhōtbe	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ere- hōtbe
	relative		ⲉϯϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etihōtbe	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etk̄hōtbe, etekhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etehōtbe, eterehōtbe	ⲉⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etf̄hōtbe, etefhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ets̄hōtbe, eteshōtbe	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etn̄hōtbe, etenhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etouhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etere- hōtbe, ete- hōtbe
	preterite		ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neïhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nekhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nerehōtbe	ⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nefhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neshōtbe	ⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nenhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ netetn̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neuhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nere- hōtbe
future	basic		ϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tinahōtbe	ⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ knahōtbe	ⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tenahōtbe	ϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ fnahōtbe	ⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ snahōtbe	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tn̄nahōtbe	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tetnahōtbe	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ senahōtbe	ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nahōtbe
	circumstantial, focalising		ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eïnahōtbe	ⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eknahōtbe	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ erenahōtbe	ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ efnahōtbe	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ esnahōtbe	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ennahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etetnahōtbe	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eunahōtbe	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ere- nahōtbe
	relative		ⲉϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etinahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etk̄nahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etenahōtbe, eterenahōtbe	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etf̄nahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ets̄nahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etn̄nahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etetnahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etounahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etere- nahōtbe
	preterite		ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neïnahōtbe	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neknahōtbe	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nerenahōtbe	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nefnahōtbe	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nesnahōtbe	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nennahōtbe	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ netetnahōtbe	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neunahōtbe	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nere- nahōtbe
negated with			ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en
non-durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
past	basic	affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ aïhōtbe	ⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ akhōtbe	ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ arehōtbe	ⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ afhōtbe	ⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ashōtbe	ⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ anhōtbe	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ atetn̄hōtbe	ⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ auhōtbe	ⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ a- hōtbe
		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pihōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pk̄hōtbe, m̄pekhōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pehōtbe, m̄pr̄hōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pf̄hōtbe, m̄pefhōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄ps̄hōtbe, m̄peshōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pn̄hōtbe, m̄penhōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄petn̄hōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pouhōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pe- hōtbe
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eaïhōtbe	ⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eakhōtbe	ⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ earehōtbe	ⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eafhōtbe	ⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eashōtbe	ⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eanhōtbe	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eatetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eauhōtbe	ⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ea- hōtbe
		negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ empihōtbe	ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ empk̄hōtbe, empekhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ empehōtbe, empr̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ empk̄hōtbe, empekhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emps̄hōtbe, empeshōtbe	ⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ empn̄hōtbe, empenhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ empetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ empouhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ empe- hōtbe
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etaïhōtbe, n̄taïhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etakhōtbe, n̄takhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etarehōtbe, n̄tahōtbehōtbe	ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etafhōtbe, n̄tafhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etashōtbe, n̄tashōtbe	ⲉⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etanhōtbe, n̄tanhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etatetn̄hōtbe, n̄tatetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etauhōtbe, n̄tauhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eta- hōtbe, n̄ta- hōtbe
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etempihōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etempk̄hōtbe, etempekhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etempehōtbe, etempr̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etempk̄hōtbe, etempekhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemps̄hōtbe, etempeshōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etempn̄hōtbe, etempenhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etempetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etempouhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etempe- hōtbe
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neaïhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neakhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nearehōtbe	ⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neafhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neashōtbe	ⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neanhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neatetn̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neauhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nea- hōtbe
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nempihōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nempk̄hōtbe, nempekhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nempehōtbe, nempr̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nempk̄hōtbe, nempekhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemps̄hōtbe, nempeshōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nempn̄hōtbe, nempenhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nempetn̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nempouhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nempe- hōtbe
	focalising	affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄taïhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄takhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tarehōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tafhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tashōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tanhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tatetn̄hōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tauhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄ta- hōtbe
expectative	basic	negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄patihōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄patk̄hōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄patehōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄patf̄hōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pats̄hōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄patn̄hōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄patetn̄hōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄patouhōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pate- hōtbe
	circumstantial	negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄patihōtbe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄patk̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄patehōtbe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄patf̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄pats̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄patn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄patetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄patouhōtbe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ em̄pate- hōtbe
	relative	negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄patihōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄patk̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄patehōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄patf̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄pats̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄patn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄patetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄patouhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etem̄pate- hōtbe
	preterite	negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄patihōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄patk̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄patehōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄patf̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄pats̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄patn̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄patetn̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄patouhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nem̄pate- hōtbe
aorist	basic	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šaïhōtbe	ϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šakhōtbe	ϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šarehōtbe	ϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šafhōtbe	ϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šashōtbe	ϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šanhōtbe	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šatetn̄hōtbe	ϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šauhōtbe	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šare- hōtbe
		negative	ⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ maïhōtbe	ⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ makhōtbe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ marehōtbe	ⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ mafhōtbe	ⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ mashōtbe	ⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ manhōtbe	ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ matetn̄hōtbe	ⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ mauhōtbe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ mare- hōtbe
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešaïhōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešakhōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešarehōtbe	ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešafhōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešashōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešanhōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešatetn̄hōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešauhōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešare- hōtbe
		negative	ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emaïhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emakhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emarehōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emafhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emashōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emanhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ematetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emauhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emare- hōtbe
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešaïhōtbe, ešaïhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešakhōtbe, ešakhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešarehōtbe, ešarehōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešafhōtbe, ešafhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešashōtbe, ešashōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešanhōtbe, ešanhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešatetn̄hōtbe, ešatetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešauhōtbe, ešauhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etešare- hōtbe, ešare- hōtbe
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemaïhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemakhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemarehōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemafhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemashōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemanhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etematetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemauhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etemare- hōtbe
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešaïhōtbe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešakhōtbe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešarehōtbe	ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešafhōtbe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešashōtbe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešanhōtbe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešatetn̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešauhōtbe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nešare- hōtbe
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemaïhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemakhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemarehōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemafhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemashōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemanhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nematetn̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemauhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nemare- hōtbe
	focalising	affirmative	ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emaïhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emakhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emarehōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emafhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emashōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emanhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ematetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emauhōtbe	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ emare- hōtbe
optative	basic	affirmative	ⲉⲓ̈ⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eïahōtbe	ⲉⲕⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ekahōtbe	ⲉⲣⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ erahōtbe	ⲉϥⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ efahōtbe	ⲉⲥⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ esahōtbe	ⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ enahōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etetnahōtbe	ⲉⲩⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ euahōtbe	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ere- hōtbe
		negative	ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nahōtbe	ⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nekhōtbe	ⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nehōtbe	ⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nefhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neshōtbe	ⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ nenhōtbe	ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ netn̄hōtbe	ⲛⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ neuhōtbe	ⲛⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ne- hōtbe
jussive	basic	affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ marihōtbe	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ marefhōtbe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ mareshōtbe	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ marn̄hōtbe	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ marouhōtbe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ mare- hōtbe
		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄prtrahōtbe			ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄prtrefhōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄prtreshōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄prtrenhōtbe		ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄prtreuhōtbe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲱⲣⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ m̄pōrte- hōtbe
subordinate clause
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
conjunctive			ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲧⲁϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tahōtbe, tahōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲅϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄ghōtbe, n̄khōtbe, khōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tehōtbe, tehōtbe	ⲛ̄ϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄fhōtbe, fhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄shōtbe, shōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tn̄hōtbe, tn̄hōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tetn̄hōtbe, tetn̄hōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲥⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄sehōtbe, sehōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄te- hōtbe
future conjunctive			ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tarihōtbe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tarekhōtbe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tarehōtbe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tarefhōtbe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tareshōtbe	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tarn̄hōtbe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ taretn̄hōtbe	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tarouhōtbe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ tare- hōtbe
precursive			ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tarihōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tarekhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tarehōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tarefhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tareshōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tarn̄hōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄taretn̄hōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tarouhōtbe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ n̄tare- hōtbe
limitative			ϣⲁⲛϯϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šantihōtbe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šantk̄hōtbe, šantekhōtbe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šantehōtbe	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šantf̄hōtbe, šantefhōtbe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šants̄hōtbe, šanteshōtbe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šantn̄hōtbe, šantenhōtbe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šantetn̄hōtbe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šantouhōtbe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ šante- hōtbe
conditional	long		ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eïšanhōtbe	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ekšanhōtbe	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eršanhōtbe, erešanhōtbe	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ efšanhōtbe	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ esšanhōtbe	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ enšanhōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešantetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eušanhōtbe	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ, ⲉⲣϣⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ešante- hōtbe, erša- hōtbe
	short		ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eïhōtbe	ⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ekhōtbe	ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ erehōtbe	ⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ efhōtbe	ⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ eshōtbe	ⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ enhōtbe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ etetn̄hōtbe	ⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ euhōtbe	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ ere- hōtbe
negated with			ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄-