арыш

Bashkir

Арыш

Etymology

Either from Russian рожь (rožʹ) or Permic. See more at Tatar entry below.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɑˈrɯ̞ʂ]
• Hyphenation: а‧рыш

Noun

арыш • (arış)

1. rye

   Арыш икмәге.

   Arış ikməge.

   Rye bread.

Declension

Declension of арыш

	singular only
absolute	арыш (arış)
definite genitive	арыштың (arıştıñ)
dative	арышҡа (arışqa)
definite accusative	арышты (arıştı)
locative	арышта (arışta)
ablative	арыштан (arıştan)

Kazakh

Alternative scripts

Arabic	ارىش
Cyrillic	арыш
Latin	aryş

Etymology

Possibly borrowed from Russian рыжик (ryžik).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /arəʃ/, [ɑɾɤ̆ʃ]

Noun

арыш • (aryş)

1. saffron milk cap (Lactarius deliciosus)
2. camelina (Camelina sativa)

Declension

Declension of арыш

	singular	plural
nominative	арыш (aryş)	арыштар (aryştar)
genitive	арыштың (aryştyñ)	арыштардың (aryştardyñ)
dative	арышқа (aryşqa)	арыштарға (aryştarğa)
accusative	арышты (aryşty)	арыштарды (aryştardy)
locative	арышта (aryşta)	арыштарда (aryştarda)
ablative	арыштан (aryştan)	арыштардан (aryştardan)
instrumental	арышпен (aryşpen)	арыштармен (aryştarmen)
similative	арыштай (aryştai)	арыштардай (aryştardai)

References

• “арыш” in Sozdik.kk.

Tatar

Etymology

Usually considered to be borrowed from Russian рожь (rožʹ, “rye”), which is doubted by Savelyev and Akhmetyanov, the latter argues that this would be expected to yield *эрүш (*erüş) instead.

Alternatively, borrowed from Permic. Compare Eastern Mari уржа (urža), Western Mari ыржа (yrža), Komi-Zyrian рудзег (rudźeg), Udmurt ӟег (dźeg), also Chuvash ыраш (yraš) (see more there). These derive from Proto-Permic *ruʒ́ / *ruʒ́äg, itself either borrowed from Proto-Iranian *ruǰa-, *ruȷ̌ika- or an early Slavic dialect. Related to Proto-Balto-Slavic *rugís and Proto-Germanic *rugiz.

The word later spread to other Turkic languages, likely via Tatar, historically the most populous Turkic group cultivating rye.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɒˈɾɯ̞ʂ]

Noun

арыш • (arış)

1. rye

   Арыш икмәге.

   Arış ikmäge.

   Rye bread.

Descendants

• → Nogai: арыс (arıs)
• → Kazakh: арыс (arys)
• → Southern Altai: арыш (arïš)
  • → Chulym: арыш
  • → Shor: арыш
  • → Khakas: арыс (arıs)
    • → Kamassian: арыш (ari̭š)
    • → Kott: âreš
    • → Assan: arɨš

References

• Axmetʹjanov, R. G. (2015), “арыш”, in Татар теленең этимологик сүзлеге / Этимологический словарь татарского языка [Tatar etymological dictionary] (in Tatar), Kazan: Magarif-Vakyt, →ISBN
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “рожь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Savelʹjev, A. V. (2014), Otraženije dialektnyx osobennostej v staropisʹmennyx pamjatnikax čuvašskovo jazyka XVIII veka (na materiale Slovarja Pallasa) [Dialect features in Old Written Chuvash sources from the 18th century (based on the evidence from Peter Pallas's dictionary)] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences