мотика

Bulgarian

вид мотика

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *motyka. There is no consensus on further origin:

• Indo-Europeanists treat it as a wanderwort, akin to Latin mateola, Proto-West Germanic *mattjuk;
• Some Slavists (e.g. Mladenov) are leaned to consider it as native, (synchronically) derived from мота́я (motája, “to reel”) +‎ -ика (-ika).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [moˈtikɐ]

Noun

моти́ка • (motíka) f (diminutive моти́чка)

1. mattock, hoe (agricultural tool)

Declension

Declension of моти́ка

	singular	plural
indefinite	моти́ка motíka	моти́ки motíki
definite	моти́ката motíkata	моти́ките motíkite

Derived terms

nouns

• мотика́р (motikár, “hoe seller/maker”)
• мотика́ч (motikáč, “large pickaxe”)

Related terms

• мота́ло (motálo, “winding tool, mandrel”)
• мо́тка (mótka, “reel”)
• мотови́ла (motovíla, “swift, spool”)

References

• “мотика”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “мотика”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov (1899) “мотꙑ́ка”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 83
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “мотика”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 259

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *motyka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈmɔtika]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

мотика • (motika) f (diminutive мотиче)

1. hoe (gardening tool)

Declension

Declension of мотика

	singular	plural
indefinite	мотика (motika)	мотики (motiki)
definite unspecified	мотиката (motikata)	мотиките (motikite)
definite proximal	мотикава (motikava)	мотикиве (motikive)
definite distal	мотикана (motikana)	мотикине (motikine)
vocative	мотико (motiko)	мотики (motiki)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *motyka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mǒtika/
• Hyphenation: мо‧ти‧ка

Noun

мо̀тика f (Latin spelling mòtika)

1. hoe (gardening tool)

Declension

Declension of мотика

	singular	plural
nominative	мо̀тика	мотике
genitive	мотике	мо̏тӣка̄
dative	мотици	мотикама
accusative	мотику	мотике
vocative	мотико	мотике
locative	мотици	мотикама
instrumental	мотиком	мотикама

Further reading

• “мотика”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian мотыка (motyka), from Old East Slavic мотꙑка (motyka), from Proto-Slavic *motyka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mɔˈtɪkɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

моти́ка • (motýka) f inan (genitive моти́ки, nominative plural моти́ки, genitive plural моти́к)

1. hoe, mattock

   Synonyms: сапа́ (sapá), са́пка (sápka)

Declension

Declension of моти́ка
(inan hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	моти́ка motýka	моти́ки motýky
genitive	моти́ки motýky	моти́к motýk
dative	моти́ці motýci	моти́кам motýkam
accusative	моти́ку motýku	моти́ки motýky
instrumental	моти́кою motýkoju	моти́ками motýkamy
locative	моти́ці motýci	моти́ках motýkax
vocative	моти́ко motýko	моти́ки motýky

Derived terms

• моти́чити impf (motýčyty)
• моти́чка f (motýčka)
• моти́чний (motýčnyj)

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “мотика”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2025), “мотика”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–15 (а – п'ять), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• “мотика”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
• “мотика”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “мотика”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)