أيهقان

Arabic

أَيْهُقَان

أَيْهُقَان

Etymology

Apparently one of the distortions of the Aramaic borrowing يَرَقَان (yaraqān, “mildew, blight”) referencing the pale yellow flowers, consider particularly the variant of that word رَيْهُقَان (rayhuqān); such a long, foreign-patterned word was easily mangled in Bedouin mouths, like عُبَيْثَرَان (ʕubayṯarān) and its variants. Compare also the Aramaic borrowing بَرْوَق (barwaq, “asphodel”) similarly called after that plant’s homologous flowers.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔaj.hu.qaːn/, (less common) /ʔaj.ha.qaːn/

Noun

أَيْهُقَان or أَيْهَقَان • (ʔayhuqān or ʔayhaqān) m

1. arugula (Eruca vesicaria)

   Hypernym: جِرْجِير (jirjīr)

   • a. 622, لَبيد بن ربيعة [Labīd ibn Rabīʿa], معلقة Muʻallaqa, line 5b:

     عَفَتِ ٱلدِّيَارُ مَحَلُّهَا فَمُقَامُهَا / بِمِنًى تَأَبَّدَ غَوْلُهَا فَرِجَامُهَا
     فَمَدَافِعُ ٱلرَّيَّانِ عُرِّيَ رَسْمُهَا / خَلَقًا كَمَا ضَمِنَ ٱلْوُحِيَّ سِلَامُهَا
     دِمَنٌ تَجَرَّمَ بَعْدَ عَهْدِ أَنِيسِهَا / حِجَجٌ خَلَوْنَ حَلَالُهَا وَحَرَامُهَا
     رُزِقَتْ مَرَابِيعَ ٱلنُّجُومِ وَصَابَهَا / وَدْقُ ٱلرَّوَاعِدِ جَوْدُهَا فَرِهَامُهَا
     مِنْ كُلِّ سَارِيَةٍ وَغَادٍ مُدْجِنٍ / وَعَشِيَّةٍ مُتَجَاوِبٍ إِرْزَامُهَا
     فَعَلَا فُرُوعُ ٱلْأَيْهُقَانِ وَأطْفَلَتْ / بِٱلْجَلْهَتَيْنِ ظِبَاؤُهَا وَنَعَامُهَا

     Effaced are her resting-places where she stayed and settled in Mina: deserted are her camps in Ḡawl and ar-Rijām
     and the torrents of ar-Rayyān: the traces thereof are laid bare and are torn, as inscribed rocks.
     Campsites have already passed after their period of use; years of war and peace overcome.
     Cast off there fell upon them the rains of spring signs, and there swept sated thunder clouds and drizzling rains
     from every cloud of night, every full one of morn, and those of eve, answering like a hoting squawk,
     and there sprung shoots of arugula, and in the brinks of a valley the goats and antelopes have youngs.

Declension

Declension of noun أَيْهُقَان (ʔayhuqān)‎; أَيْهَقَان (ʔayhaqān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَيْهُقَان‎; أَيْهَقَان ʔayhuqān‎; ʔayhaqān	الْأَيْهُقَان‎; الْأَيْهَقَان al-ʔayhuqān‎; al-ʔayhaqān	أَيْهُقَان‎; أَيْهَقَان ʔayhuqān‎; ʔayhaqān
Nominative	أَيْهُقَانٌ‎; أَيْهَقَانٌ ʔayhuqānun‎; ʔayhaqānun	الْأَيْهُقَانُ‎; الْأَيْهَقَانُ al-ʔayhuqānu‎; al-ʔayhaqānu	أَيْهُقَانُ‎; أَيْهَقَانُ ʔayhuqānu‎; ʔayhaqānu
Accusative	أَيْهُقَانًا‎; أَيْهَقَانًا ʔayhuqānan‎; ʔayhaqānan	الْأَيْهُقَانَ‎; الْأَيْهَقَانَ al-ʔayhuqāna‎; al-ʔayhaqāna	أَيْهُقَانَ‎; أَيْهَقَانَ ʔayhuqāna‎; ʔayhaqāna
Genitive	أَيْهُقَانٍ‎; أَيْهَقَانٍ ʔayhuqānin‎; ʔayhaqānin	الْأَيْهُقَانِ‎; الْأَيْهَقَانِ al-ʔayhuqāni‎; al-ʔayhaqāni	أَيْهُقَانِ‎; أَيْهَقَانِ ʔayhuqāni‎; ʔayhaqāni