استفتى
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Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Desiderative to form IV أَفْتَى (ʔaftā).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]اِسْتَفْتَى • (istaftā) X (non-past يَسْتَفْتِي (yastaftī), verbal noun اِسْتِفْتَاء (istiftāʔ))
- to ask for opinion, to request ruling
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:176:
- يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ ۚ إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ ۚ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَا إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهَا وَلَدٌ ۚ فَإِن كَانَتَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُمَا الثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ ۚ وَإِن كَانُوا إِخْوَةً رِّجَالًا وَنِسَاءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ ۗ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَن تَضِلُّوا ۗ وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
- They request from you a [legal] ruling. Say, " Allah gives you a ruling concerning one having neither descendants nor ascendants [as heirs]." If a man dies, leaving no child but [only] a sister, she will have half of what he left. And he inherits from her if she [dies and] has no child. But if there are two sisters [or more], they will have two-thirds of what he left. If there are both brothers and sisters, the male will have the share of two females. Allah makes clear to you [His law], lest you go astray. And Allah is Knowing of all things.
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of اِسْتَفْتَى (X, final-weak, full passive (?), verbal noun اِسْتِفْتَاء)
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
اِسْتِفْتَاء istiftāʔ | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُسْتَفْتٍ mustaftin | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُسْتَفْتًى mustaftan | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | اِسْتَفْتَيْتُ istaftaytu |
اِسْتَفْتَيْتَ istaftayta |
اِسْتَفْتَى istaftā |
اِسْتَفْتَيْتُمَا istaftaytumā |
اِسْتَفْتَيَا istaftayā |
اِسْتَفْتَيْنَا istaftaynā |
اِسْتَفْتَيْتُمْ istaftaytum |
اِسْتَفْتَوْا istaftaw | |||
f | اِسْتَفْتَيْتِ istaftayti |
اِسْتَفْتَتْ istaftat |
اِسْتَفْتَتَا istaftatā |
اِسْتَفْتَيْتُنَّ istaftaytunna |
اِسْتَفْتَيْنَ istaftayna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَسْتَفْتِي ʔastaftī |
تَسْتَفْتِي tastaftī |
يَسْتَفْتِي yastaftī |
تَسْتَفْتِيَانِ tastaftiyāni |
يَسْتَفْتِيَانِ yastaftiyāni |
نَسْتَفْتِي nastaftī |
تَسْتَفْتُونَ tastaftūna |
يَسْتَفْتُونَ yastaftūna | |||
f | تَسْتَفْتِينَ tastaftīna |
تَسْتَفْتِي tastaftī |
تَسْتَفْتِيَانِ tastaftiyāni |
تَسْتَفْتِينَ tastaftīna |
يَسْتَفْتِينَ yastaftīna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَسْتَفْتِيَ ʔastaftiya |
تَسْتَفْتِيَ tastaftiya |
يَسْتَفْتِيَ yastaftiya |
تَسْتَفْتِيَا tastaftiyā |
يَسْتَفْتِيَا yastaftiyā |
نَسْتَفْتِيَ nastaftiya |
تَسْتَفْتُوا tastaftū |
يَسْتَفْتُوا yastaftū | |||
f | تَسْتَفْتِي tastaftī |
تَسْتَفْتِيَ tastaftiya |
تَسْتَفْتِيَا tastaftiyā |
تَسْتَفْتِينَ tastaftīna |
يَسْتَفْتِينَ yastaftīna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَسْتَفْتِ ʔastafti |
تَسْتَفْتِ tastafti |
يَسْتَفْتِ yastafti |
تَسْتَفْتِيَا tastaftiyā |
يَسْتَفْتِيَا yastaftiyā |
نَسْتَفْتِ nastafti |
تَسْتَفْتُوا tastaftū |
يَسْتَفْتُوا yastaftū | |||
f | تَسْتَفْتِي tastaftī |
تَسْتَفْتِ tastafti |
تَسْتَفْتِيَا tastaftiyā |
تَسْتَفْتِينَ tastaftīna |
يَسْتَفْتِينَ yastaftīna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِسْتَفْتِ istafti |
اِسْتَفْتِيَا istaftiyā |
اِسْتَفْتُوا istaftū |
||||||||
f | اِسْتَفْتِي istaftī |
اِسْتَفْتِينَ istaftīna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | اُسْتُفْتِيتُ ustuftītu |
اُسْتُفْتِيتَ ustuftīta |
اُسْتُفْتِيَ ustuftiya |
اُسْتُفْتِيتُمَا ustuftītumā |
اُسْتُفْتِيَا ustuftiyā |
اُسْتُفْتِينَا ustuftīnā |
اُسْتُفْتِيتُمْ ustuftītum |
اُسْتُفْتُوا ustuftū | |||
f | اُسْتُفْتِيتِ ustuftīti |
اُسْتُفْتِيَتْ ustuftiyat |
اُسْتُفْتِيَتَا ustuftiyatā |
اُسْتُفْتِيتُنَّ ustuftītunna |
اُسْتُفْتِينَ ustuftīna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُسْتَفْتَى ʔustaftā |
تُسْتَفْتَى tustaftā |
يُسْتَفْتَى yustaftā |
تُسْتَفْتَيَانِ tustaftayāni |
يُسْتَفْتَيَانِ yustaftayāni |
نُسْتَفْتَى nustaftā |
تُسْتَفْتَوْنَ tustaftawna |
يُسْتَفْتَوْنَ yustaftawna | |||
f | تُسْتَفْتَيْنَ tustaftayna |
تُسْتَفْتَى tustaftā |
تُسْتَفْتَيَانِ tustaftayāni |
تُسْتَفْتَيْنَ tustaftayna |
يُسْتَفْتَيْنَ yustaftayna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُسْتَفْتَى ʔustaftā |
تُسْتَفْتَى tustaftā |
يُسْتَفْتَى yustaftā |
تُسْتَفْتَيَا tustaftayā |
يُسْتَفْتَيَا yustaftayā |
نُسْتَفْتَى nustaftā |
تُسْتَفْتَوْا tustaftaw |
يُسْتَفْتَوْا yustaftaw | |||
f | تُسْتَفْتَيْ tustaftay |
تُسْتَفْتَى tustaftā |
تُسْتَفْتَيَا tustaftayā |
تُسْتَفْتَيْنَ tustaftayna |
يُسْتَفْتَيْنَ yustaftayna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُسْتَفْتَ ʔustafta |
تُسْتَفْتَ tustafta |
يُسْتَفْتَ yustafta |
تُسْتَفْتَيَا tustaftayā |
يُسْتَفْتَيَا yustaftayā |
نُسْتَفْتَ nustafta |
تُسْتَفْتَوْا tustaftaw |
يُسْتَفْتَوْا yustaftaw | |||
f | تُسْتَفْتَيْ tustaftay |
تُسْتَفْتَ tustafta |
تُسْتَفْتَيَا tustaftayā |
تُسْتَفْتَيْنَ tustaftayna |
يُسْتَفْتَيْنَ yustaftayna |
References
[edit]- Freytag, Georg (1830–1837) “استفتى”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), Halle: C. A. Schwetschke
- Baalbaki, Rohi (1995) “استفتى”, in Al-Mawrid: A Modern Arabic-English Dictionary, 7th edition, Beirut: Dar El-Ilm Lilmalayin, →ISBN
- Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “استفتى”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “استفتى”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[2], London: Williams & Norgate
- Wehr, Hans (1960) “استفتى”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Otto Harrassowitz