حذار

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ح ذ ر (ḥ-ḏ-r) on the فَعَالِ (faʕāli) scale used to form a special group of words known in Arabic as أَسْمَاء أَفْعَال (ʔasmāʔ ʔafʕāl). Compare شَتَّانَ (šattāna) and سُرْعَان (surʕān).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħa.ðaː.ri/

Verb

حَذَارِ • (ḥaḏāri)

1. (defective, transitive, intransitive) watch out! beware!
   • a. 965 CE, Al-Mutanabbi, بِأَبِي الشُّمُوسُ الجَانِحَاتُ غَوَارِبَا (biʔabī š-šumūsu l-jāniḥātu ḡawāribā):

     سَلْ عَنْ شَجَاعَتِهِ وَزُرْهُ مُسَالِمًا
     وَحَذَارِ ثُمَّ حَذَارِ مِنْهُ مُحَارِبَا

     sal ʕan šajāʕatihī wa-zurhu musāliman
     wa-ḥaḏāri ṯumma ḥaḏāri minhu muḥāribā

     Ask of his bravery and visit him peacefully
     And beware, then beware of him as a fighter

Usage notes

The verb is defective and does not conjugate or receive case endings; it is used the same way with the same final vowels in all contexts.

Noun

حِذَار • (ḥiḏār) m

1. verbal noun of حَاذَرَ (ḥāḏara) (form III)
   • a. 965 CE, Al-Mutanabbi, سِرْبٌ مَحَاسِنُهُ حُرِمْتُ ذَوَاتِهَا (sirbun maḥāsinuhu ḥurimtu ḏawātihā):

     هِبْتُ النِّكَاحَ حِذَارَ نَسْلٍ مِثْلِهَا
     حَتَّى وَفَرْتُ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ بَنَاتِهَا

     hibtu n-nikāḥa ḥiḏāra naslin miṯlihā
     ḥattā wa-fartu ʕalā n-nisāʔi banātihā

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of noun حِذَار (ḥiḏār)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حِذَار ḥiḏār	الْحِذَار al-ḥiḏār	حِذَار ḥiḏār
Nominative	حِذَارٌ ḥiḏārun	الْحِذَارُ al-ḥiḏāru	حِذَارُ ḥiḏāru
Accusative	حِذَارًا ḥiḏāran	الْحِذَارَ al-ḥiḏāra	حِذَارَ ḥiḏāra
Genitive	حِذَارٍ ḥiḏārin	الْحِذَارِ al-ḥiḏāri	حِذَارِ ḥiḏāri