आय

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit आय (āya), composed of आ- (ā-) +‎ ई (ī).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɑːj/, [äːj]

Noun

आय • (āy) m

1. (business, commerce) income

Declension

Declension of आय (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	आय āy	आय āy
oblique	आय āy	आयों āyõ
vocative	आय āy	आयो āyo

Pali

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• āya (Latin script)
• 𑀆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• আয (Bengali script)
• ආය (Sinhalese script)
• အာယ or ဢႃယ (Burmese script)
• อาย or อายะ (Thai script)
• ᩋᩣᨿ (Tai Tham script)
• ອາຍ or ອາຍະ or ອາຢະ (Lao script)
• អាយ (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄂𑄠 (Chakma script)

Noun

आय m

1. Devanagari script form of āya (“income”)

Declension

Declension table of "आय" (masculine)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	आयो (āyo)	आया (āyā)
Accusative (second)	आयं (āyaṃ)	आये (āye)
Instrumental (third)	आयेन (āyena)	आयेहि (āyehi) or आयेभि (āyebhi)
Dative (fourth)	आयस्स (āyassa) or आयाय (āyāya) or आयत्थं (āyatthaṃ)	आयानं (āyānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	आयस्मा (āyasmā) or आयम्हा (āyamhā) or आया (āyā)	आयेहि (āyehi) or आयेभि (āyebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	आयस्स (āyassa)	आयानं (āyānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	आयस्मिं (āyasmiṃ) or आयम्हि (āyamhi) or आये (āye)	आयेसु (āyesu)
Vocative (calling)	आय (āya)	आया (āyā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• আয় (Assamese script)
• ᬆᬬ (Balinese script)
• আয় (Bengali script)
• 𑰁𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• အာယ (Burmese script)
• આય (Gujarati script)
• ਆਯ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌆𑌯 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦴꦪ (Javanese script)
• 𑂄𑂨 (Kaithi script)
• ಆಯ (Kannada script)
• អាយ (Khmer script)
• ອາຍ (Lao script)
• ആയ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘁𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢗᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦡𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐁𑐫 (Newa script)
• ଆଯ (Odia script)
• ꢃꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆄𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖁𑖧 (Siddham script)
• ආය (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩛𑩻 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚁𑚣 (Takri script)
• ஆய (Tamil script)
• ఆయ (Telugu script)
• อาย (Thai script)
• ཨཱ་ཡ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨊𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From आ- (ā-, “ad-”) +‎ इ (i, “to go”) +‎ -अ (-a, action noun suffix). The Sanskrit root, generally composed of prefix plus base root, would be आय् (āy), though this putative root appears to not be attested in dictionaries, with only the "derivative" attested.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑː.jɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɑː.jɐ/

Noun

आ॒य • (āyá) stem, m

1. arrival, approach
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.38.10
2. income, revenue
3. gain, profit

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of आ॒य

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	आ॒यः (āyáḥ)	आ॒यौ (āyáu) आ॒या¹ (āyā́¹)	आ॒याः (āyā́ḥ) आ॒यासः॑¹ (āyā́saḥ¹)
accusative	आ॒यम् (āyám)	आ॒यौ (āyáu) आ॒या¹ (āyā́¹)	आ॒यान् (āyā́n)
instrumental	आ॒येन॑ (āyéna)	आ॒याभ्या॑म् (āyā́bhyām)	आ॒यैः (āyáiḥ) आ॒येभिः॑¹ (āyébhiḥ¹)
dative	आ॒याय॑ (āyā́ya)	आ॒याभ्या॑म् (āyā́bhyām)	आ॒येभ्यः॑ (āyébhyaḥ)
ablative	आ॒यात् (āyā́t)	आ॒याभ्या॑म् (āyā́bhyām)	आ॒येभ्यः॑ (āyébhyaḥ)
genitive	आ॒यस्य॑ (āyásya)	आ॒ययोः॑ (āyáyoḥ) आ॒योः¹ (āyóḥ¹)	आ॒याना॑म् (āyā́nām)
locative	आ॒ये (āyé)	आ॒ययोः॑ (āyáyoḥ) आ॒योः¹ (āyóḥ¹)	आ॒येषु॑ (āyéṣu)
vocative	आय॑ (ā́ya)	आयौ॑ (ā́yau) आया॑¹ (ā́yā¹)	आयाः॑ (ā́yāḥ) आया॑सः¹ (ā́yāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: āya m
• Prakrit: 𑀆𑀬 m (āya, “gain”)
• → Hindi: आय (āy) (learned)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “आय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 147, column 3.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “āyá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 58