ἁβρός

See also: αβρός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ᾱ̓́βρος (ā́bros) — Lesbian
• ͱαβρός (habrós) — Euboean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ha.brós/ → /aˈβros/ → /aˈvros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ha.brós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)aˈbros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈβros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈvros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈvros/

Adjective

ᾰ̔βρός • (hăbrós) m (feminine ᾰ̔βρᾱ́, neuter ᾰ̔βρόν); first/second declension (Attic, Ionic, chiefly poetic)

1. (especially of the body) graceful; delicate; pretty
   • c. 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Fragments 218
2. (of things) splendid
3. (of style):
   1. graceful; elegant
   2. (mildly derogatory) dainty; luxurious
4. delicate (a common epithet of Asiatics)

Declension

First and second declension of ᾰ̔βρός; ᾰ̔βρᾱ́; ᾰ̔βρόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̔βρός hăbrós	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βροί hăbroí	ᾰ̔βραί hăbraí	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Genitive		ᾰ̔βροῦ hăbroû	ᾰ̔βρᾶς hăbrâs	ᾰ̔βροῦ hăbroû		ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn	ᾰ̔βραῖν hăbraîn	ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn		ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn	ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn	ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn
Dative		ᾰ̔βρῷ hăbrōî	ᾰ̔βρᾷ hăbrāî	ᾰ̔βρῷ hăbrōî		ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn	ᾰ̔βραῖν hăbraîn	ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn		ᾰ̔βροῖς hăbroîs	ᾰ̔βραῖς hăbraîs	ᾰ̔βροῖς hăbroîs
Accusative		ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ν hăbrā́n	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βρούς hăbroús	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ς hăbrā́s	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Vocative		ᾰ̔βρέ hăbré	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βροί hăbroí	ᾰ̔βραί hăbraí	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ᾰ̔βρῶς hăbrôs				ᾰ̔βρότερος hăbróteros				ᾰ̔βρότᾰτος hăbrótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of ᾰ̔βρός; ᾰ̔βρή; ᾰ̔βρόν (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̔βρός hăbrós	ᾰ̔βρή hăbrḗ	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βροί hăbroí	ᾰ̔βραί hăbraí	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Genitive		ᾰ̔βροῖο ᾰ̔βροῦ hăbroîo hăbroû	ᾰ̔βρῆς hăbrês	ᾰ̔βροῖο ᾰ̔βροῦ hăbroîo hăbroû		ᾰ̔βροῖῐ̈ν hăbroîĭ̈n	ᾰ̔βραῖῐ̈ν hăbraîĭ̈n	ᾰ̔βροῖῐ̈ν hăbroîĭ̈n		ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ων ᾰ̔βρέων ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrā́ōn hăbréōn hăbrôn	ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn
Dative		ᾰ̔βρῷ hăbrōî	ᾰ̔βρῇ hăbrēî	ᾰ̔βρῷ hăbrōî		ᾰ̔βροῖῐ̈ν hăbroîĭ̈n	ᾰ̔βραῖῐ̈ν hăbraîĭ̈n	ᾰ̔βροῖῐ̈ν hăbroîĭ̈n		ᾰ̔βροῖσῐ ᾰ̔βροῖσῐν ᾰ̔βροῖς hăbroîsĭ(n) hăbroîs	ᾰ̔βρῇσῐ ᾰ̔βρῇσῐν ᾰ̔βρῇς ᾰ̔βραῖς hăbrēîsĭ(n) hăbrēîs hăbraîs	ᾰ̔βροῖσῐ ᾰ̔βροῖσῐν ᾰ̔βροῖς hăbroîsĭ(n) hăbroîs
Accusative		ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón	ᾰ̔βρήν hăbrḗn	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βρούς hăbroús	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ς hăbrā́s	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Vocative		ᾰ̔βρέ hăbré	ᾰ̔βρή hăbrḗ	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βροί hăbroí	ᾰ̔βραί hăbraí	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First and second declension of ᾰ̔βρός; ᾰ̔βρή; ᾰ̔βρόν (Ionic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̔βρός hăbrós	ᾰ̔βρή hăbrḗ	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βροί hăbroí	ᾰ̔βραί hăbraí	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Genitive		ᾰ̔βροῦ hăbroû	ᾰ̔βρῆς hăbrês	ᾰ̔βροῦ hăbroû		ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn	ᾰ̔βραῖν hăbraîn	ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn		ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn	ᾰ̔βρέων ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbréōn hăbrôn	ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn
Dative		ᾰ̔βρῷ hăbrōî	ᾰ̔βρῇ hăbrēî	ᾰ̔βρῷ hăbrōî		ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn	ᾰ̔βραῖν hăbraîn	ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn		ᾰ̔βροῖσῐ ᾰ̔βροῖσῐν hăbroîsĭ(n)	ᾰ̔βρῇσῐ ᾰ̔βρῇσῐν hăbrēîsĭ(n)	ᾰ̔βροῖσῐ ᾰ̔βροῖσῐν hăbroîsĭ(n)
Accusative		ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón	ᾰ̔βρήν hăbrḗn	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βρούς hăbroús	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ς hăbrā́s	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Vocative		ᾰ̔βρέ hăbré	ᾰ̔βρή hăbrḗ	ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ	ᾰ̔βρᾱ́ hăbrā́	ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βροί hăbroí	ᾰ̔βραί hăbraí	ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ᾰ̔βρῶς hăbrôs				ᾰ̔βρότερος hăbróteros				ᾰ̔βρότᾰτος hăbrótătos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

In poetry sometimes:

Second declension of ᾰ̔βρός; ᾰ̔βρόν (Lyric)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̔βρός hăbrós		ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βροί hăbroí		ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Genitive		ᾰ̔βρῶ ᾰ̔βροῖο hăbrô hăbroîo		ᾰ̔βρῶ ᾰ̔βροῖο hăbrô hăbroîo		ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn		ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn		ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn		ᾰ̔βρῶν hăbrôn
Dative		ᾰ̔βρῷ hăbrōî		ᾰ̔βρῷ hăbrōî		ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn		ᾰ̔βροῖν hăbroîn		ᾰ̔βροῖς ᾰ̔βροῖσῐ ᾰ̔βροῖσῐν hăbroîs hăbroîsĭ(n)		ᾰ̔βροῖς ᾰ̔βροῖσῐ ᾰ̔βροῖσῐν hăbroîs hăbroîsĭ(n)
Accusative		ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βρώς hăbrṓs		ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Vocative		ᾰ̔βρέ hăbré		ᾰ̔βρόν hăbrón		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βρώ hăbrṓ		ᾰ̔βροί hăbroí		ᾰ̔βρᾰ́ hăbrắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ᾰ̔βρῶς hăbrôs				ᾰ̔βρότερος hăbróteros				ᾰ̔βρότᾰτος hăbrótătos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ᾰ̔βροδῐ́αιτος (hăbrodĭ́aitos)
• ᾰ̔βροστᾰγής (hăbrostăgḗs)

Descendants

• Greek: αβρός (avrós)
• → English: abrosexual
• → Translingual: Abronia
  • → English: abronia
• → Translingual: Abrus
• ⇒ Translingual: Habrobracon

Further reading

• “ἁβρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἁβρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἁβρός” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “ἁβρός” in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• “ἁβρός”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • dainty idem, page 193.
  • delicate idem, page 207.
  • exquisite idem, page 296.
  • luxurious idem, page 506.
  • pampered idem, page 590.
  • sensual idem, page 753.
  • soft idem, page 791.
  • sumptuous idem, page 837.
  • tender idem, page 861.
  • voluptuous idem, page 957.
• Frisk, Hjalmar (1960), “ἁβρός”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 4