𐌐𐌓𐌄

Umbrian

Alternative forms

• e.Ig. 𐌐𐌓𐌄 (pre); l.Ig. pre

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Italic *prai. Cognate with Latin prae.

Preposition

𐌐𐌓𐌄 • (pre) (early Iguvine)

1. (followed by ablative) before; in front of
   • early 2^nd century BCE, Iguvine Tablets, table I, side A (photo; facsimile), lines 2–3:

     ² [...] 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌅𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌍𐌄𐌔⁚​ ³ 𐌉𐌖𐌅𐌄⁚​𐌊𐌓𐌀𐌐𐌖𐌅𐌉⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌁𐌖𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]

     preveres treplanes / iuve krapuvi tre buf fetu

     In front of the Trebulan gate sacrifice three oxen to Jupiter Grabovius.

Antonyms

• 𐌐𐌖𐌔 (pus)

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “prae”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 485–487
• Buck, Carl Darling (1904) “pre”, in A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary, page 343
• Ancillotti, Augusto, Cerri, Romolo (2015) “pre”, in Vocabolario dell'umbro delle tavole di Gubbio [Vocabulary of Umbrian and of the Iguvine Tables] (in Italian), page 40