𒅈𒀸𒍣

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Hittite

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𒅈𒀸𒍣
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Etymology

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From Proto-Anatolian *ʔérsti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁érsti, from the root *h₁ers-. Cognate with Luwian 𒀀𒅈𒅆𒅀𒀭𒁺 (a-ar-ši-ya-an-du, 3.pl.imp.act), Sanskrit अर्षति (árṣati, to flow, pour).

Pronunciation

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According to Kloekhorst, the plene spelling 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒍣 (a-ar-aš-zi) might not represent long initial /aː/, but rather serve to disambiguate from the zero-grade cluster /ʔr/-.

Verb

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𒅈𒀸𒍣 (ar-aš-zi /ʔrst͡si, ʔarst͡si/) (third-person singular present active)

  1. to flow

Inflection

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Broad transcription
First conjugation
Nominal forms
Infinitive aršanna
arsánna
Participle aršanz
arsánt͡s
Noun aršātar
arsáːdr̩
Supine āršuan
áːrswn̩
Active Present Aorist Imperative
1.sg āršmi āršun aršallu
áːrsmi áːrsɔn arsallu
2.sg āršši āršt ārš
áːrssi áːrst áːrs
3.sg āršzi āršt āršdu
áːrst͡si áːrst áːrstu
1.pl aršueni āršuen aršueni
arswɛ́ni áːrswɛn arswɛ́ni
2.pl aršteni āršten āršten
arstɛ́ni áːrstɛn áːrstɛn
3.pl aršanzi āršer aršandu
arsánt͡si áːrsɛr arsántu
Middle Present Aorist Imperative
1.sg aršḫari aršḫat aršaḫḫaru
arsχári arsχád arsχáru
2.sg arštari arštat aršḫut
arstári arstád arsχɔ́d
3.sg aršari, arštari arštat aršaru, arštaru
arsári, arstári arstád arsáru, arstáru
1.pl aršuašta aršuaštat aršuaštat
arswásta arswástad arswástad
2.pl aršduma aršdumat arštumat
arstumá arstumád arstumád
3.pl aršantari aršantat aršantaru
arsántari arsántad arsántaru
}
Cuneiform script
First conjugation
Nominal forms
Infinitive 𒅈𒊭𒀭𒈾
ar-ša-an-na
Participle 𒅈𒊭𒀭𒍝
ar-ša-an-za
Noun 𒅈𒊭𒀜𒅈
ar-ša-at-ar
Supine 𒀀𒅈𒋗𒉿𒀭
a-ar-šu-wa-an
Active Present Aorist Imperative
1.sg 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒈪 𒀀𒅈𒋗𒌦 𒅈𒊭𒀠𒇻
a-ar-aš-mi a-ar-šu-un ar-ša-al-lu
2.sg 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒅆 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒋫 𒀀𒅈𒀸
a-ar-aš-ši a-ar-aš-ta a-ar-aš
3.sg 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒍣 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒋫 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒁺
a-ar-aš-zi a-ar-aš-ta a-ar-aš-du
1.pl 𒅈𒋗𒂊𒉌 𒀀𒅈𒋗𒂗 𒅈𒋗𒂊𒉌
ar-šu-e-ni a-ar-šu-en ar-šu-e-ni
2.pl 𒅈𒀸𒋼𒉌 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒋼𒂗 𒀀𒅈𒀸𒋼𒂗
ar-aš-te-ni a-ar-aš-te-en a-ar-aš-te-en
3.pl 𒅈𒊭𒀭𒍣 𒀀𒅈𒊺𒅕 𒅈𒊭𒀭𒁺
ar-ša-an-zi a-ar-še-er ar-ša-an-du
Middle Present Aorist Imperative
1.sg 𒅈𒀸𒄩𒊑 𒅈𒀸𒄩𒀜 𒅈𒀸𒄩𒊒
ar-aš-ḫa-ri ar-aš-ḫa-at ar-aš-ḫa-ru
2.sg 𒅈𒀸𒋫𒊑 𒅈𒀸𒋫𒀜 𒅈𒀸𒄷𒌓
ar-aš-ta-ri ar-aš-ta-at ar-aš-ḫu-ut
3.sg 𒅈𒊭𒊑, 𒅈𒀸𒋫𒊑 𒅈𒀸𒋫𒀜 𒅈𒊭𒊒, 𒅈𒀸𒋫𒊒
ar-ša-ri, ar-aš-ta-ri ar-aš-ta-at ar-ša-ru, ar-aš-ta-ru
1.pl 𒅈𒋗𒉿𒀸𒋫 𒅈𒋗𒉿𒀸𒋫𒀜 𒅈𒋗𒉿𒀸𒋫𒀜
ar-šu-wa-aš-ta ar-šu-wa-aš-ta-at ar-šu-wa-aš-ta-at
2.pl 𒅈𒀸𒁺𒈠 𒅈𒀸𒁺𒈠𒀜 𒅈𒀸𒌅𒈠𒀜
ar-aš-du-ma ar-aš-du-ma-at ar-aš-tu-ma-at
3.pl 𒅈𒊭𒀭𒋫𒊑 𒅈𒊭𒀭𒋫𒀜 𒀀𒀭𒋫𒊒
ar-ša-an-ta-ri ar-ša-an-ta-at ar-ša-an-ta-ru

Derived terms

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References

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  • Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “ārš-zi / arš-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 208–210