-αίνω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ǎi̯.nɔː/ → /ˈɛ.no/ → /ˈe.no/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ǎi̯.nɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.no/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.no/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.no/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.no/

Suffix

-αίνω • (-aínō)

1. Originally found in verbs formed from nominal stems in -ᾰν- (-an-) plus Proto-Indo-European verbal suffixes *-yeti or *-yéti

   ‎μέλᾰν- (mélan-, “black”) + ‎-αίνω (-aínō) → ‎μελαίνω (melaínō, “to blacken”)

2. Then added to other nominal stems

   ‎εὔφρων (eúphrōn, “glad”) + ‎-αίνω (-aínō) → ‎εὐφραίνω (euphraínō, “to gladden”)

   ‎σῆμα (sêma, “sign”) + ‎-αίνω (-aínō) → ‎σημαίνω (sēmaínō, “to signify”)

   ‎χαλεπός (khalepós, “hard, angry”) + ‎-αίνω (-aínō) → ‎χαλεπαίνω (khalepaínō, “to be angry”)

Derived terms

Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -αίνω

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 866.7

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Greek

Suffix

-αίνω • (-aíno)

1. usually produces verbs indicating acquisition of a property

   ‎ζεστός (zestós, “hot”) + ‎-αίνω (-aíno) → ‎ζεσταίνω (zestaíno, “to get hot”)

   ‎άρρωστος (árrostos, “ill”) + ‎-αίνω (-aíno) → ‎αρρωσταίνω (arrostaíno, “to be taken ill”)

Derived terms

Greek terms suffixed with -αίνω