-तम
Appearance
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- -ᬢᬫ (Balinese script)
- -တမ (Burmese script)
- -तम (Devanagari script)
- -ਤਮ (Gurmukhi script)
- -𑌤𑌮 (Grantha script)
- -ꦠꦩ (Javanese script)
- -𑂞𑂧 (Kaithi script)
- -តម (Khmer script)
- -ຕມ (Lao script)
- -തമ (Malayalam script)
- -ᢠᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
- -𑘝𑘦 (Modi script)
- -ᢐᠠᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- -𑦽𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
- -𑐟𑐩 (Newa script)
- -ତମ (Odia script)
- -ꢡꢪ (Saurashtra script)
- -𑆠𑆩 (Sharada script)
- -𑖝𑖦 (Siddham script)
- -තම (Sinhalese script)
- -𑩫𑩴 (Soyombo script)
- -𑚙𑚢 (Takri script)
- -தம (Tamil script)
- -ตม (Thai script)
- -་ཏ་མ (Tibetan script)
- -𑨙𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Aryan *-tamas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-tamas, from Proto-Indo-European *-tm̥mos. Cognate with Avestan -𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (-təma).
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-तम • (-tama)
- absolute superlative adjectival suffix
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -तमः (-tamaḥ) | -तमौ (-tamau) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
-तमाः (-tamāḥ) -तमासः¹ (-tamāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | -तमम् (-tamam) | -तमौ (-tamau) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
-तमान् (-tamān) |
| instrumental | -तमेन (-tamena) | -तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमैः (-tamaiḥ) -तमेभिः¹ (-tamebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | -तमाय (-tamāya) | -तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमेभ्यः (-tamebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -तमात् (-tamāt) | -तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमेभ्यः (-tamebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -तमस्य (-tamasya) | -तमयोः (-tamayoḥ) | -तमानाम् (-tamānām) |
| locative | -तमे (-tame) | -तमयोः (-tamayoḥ) | -तमेषु (-tameṣu) |
| vocative | -तम (-tama) | -तमौ (-tamau) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
-तमाः (-tamāḥ) -तमासः¹ (-tamāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -तमा (-tamā) | -तमे (-tame) | -तमाः (-tamāḥ) |
| accusative | -तमाम् (-tamām) | -तमे (-tame) | -तमाः (-tamāḥ) |
| instrumental | -तमया (-tamayā) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
-तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमाभिः (-tamābhiḥ) |
| dative | -तमायै (-tamāyai) | -तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमाभ्यः (-tamābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -तमायाः (-tamāyāḥ) -तमायै² (-tamāyai²) |
-तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमाभ्यः (-tamābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -तमायाः (-tamāyāḥ) -तमायै² (-tamāyai²) |
-तमयोः (-tamayoḥ) | -तमानाम् (-tamānām) |
| locative | -तमायाम् (-tamāyām) | -तमयोः (-tamayoḥ) | -तमासु (-tamāsu) |
| vocative | -तमे (-tame) | -तमे (-tame) | -तमाः (-tamāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -तमम् (-tamam) | -तमे (-tame) | -तमानि (-tamāni) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
| accusative | -तमम् (-tamam) | -तमे (-tame) | -तमानि (-tamāni) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
| instrumental | -तमेन (-tamena) | -तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमैः (-tamaiḥ) -तमेभिः¹ (-tamebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | -तमाय (-tamāya) | -तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमेभ्यः (-tamebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -तमात् (-tamāt) | -तमाभ्याम् (-tamābhyām) | -तमेभ्यः (-tamebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -तमस्य (-tamasya) | -तमयोः (-tamayoḥ) | -तमानाम् (-tamānām) |
| locative | -तमे (-tame) | -तमयोः (-tamayoḥ) | -तमेषु (-tameṣu) |
| vocative | -तम (-tama) | -तमे (-tame) | -तमानि (-tamāni) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Coordinate terms
[edit]- -तर (-tara, comparative suffix)
Derived terms
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-तम • (-tamá)
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -त॒मः (-tamáḥ) | -त॒मौ (-tamáu) -त॒मा¹ (-tamā́¹) |
-त॒माः (-tamā́ḥ) -त॒मासः॑¹ (-tamā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | -त॒मम् (-tamám) | -त॒मौ (-tamáu) -त॒मा¹ (-tamā́¹) |
-त॒मान् (-tamā́n) |
| instrumental | -त॒मेन॑ (-taména) | -त॒माभ्या॑म् (-tamā́bhyām) | -त॒मैः (-tamáiḥ) -त॒मेभिः॑¹ (-tamébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | -त॒माय॑ (-tamā́ya) | -त॒माभ्या॑म् (-tamā́bhyām) | -त॒मेभ्यः॑ (-tamébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -त॒मात् (-tamā́t) | -त॒माभ्या॑म् (-tamā́bhyām) | -त॒मेभ्यः॑ (-tamébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -त॒मस्य॑ (-tamásya) | -त॒मयोः॑ (-tamáyoḥ) | -त॒माना॑म् (-tamā́nām) |
| locative | -त॒मे (-tamé) | -त॒मयोः॑ (-tamáyoḥ) | -त॒मेषु॑ (-taméṣu) |
| vocative | -तम (-tama) | -तमौ (-tamau) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
-तमाः (-tamāḥ) -तमासः¹ (-tamāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -त॒मी (-tamī́) | -त॒म्यौ॑ (-tamyàu) -त॒मी¹ (-tamī́¹) |
-त॒म्यः॑ (-tamyàḥ) -त॒मीः¹ (-tamī́ḥ¹) |
| accusative | -त॒मीम् (-tamī́m) | -त॒म्यौ॑ (-tamyàu) -त॒मी¹ (-tamī́¹) |
-त॒मीः (-tamī́ḥ) |
| instrumental | -त॒म्या (-tamyā́) | -त॒मीभ्या॑म् (-tamī́bhyām) | -त॒मीभिः॑ (-tamī́bhiḥ) |
| dative | -त॒म्यै (-tamyái) | -त॒मीभ्या॑म् (-tamī́bhyām) | -त॒मीभ्यः॑ (-tamī́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -त॒म्याः (-tamyā́ḥ) -त॒म्यै² (-tamyái²) |
-त॒मीभ्या॑म् (-tamī́bhyām) | -त॒मीभ्यः॑ (-tamī́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -त॒म्याः (-tamyā́ḥ) -त॒म्यै² (-tamyái²) |
-त॒म्योः (-tamyóḥ) | -त॒मीना॑म् (-tamī́nām) -त॒मी॒नाम्³ (-tamīnā́m³) |
| locative | -त॒म्याम् (-tamyā́m) | -त॒म्योः (-tamyóḥ) | -त॒मीषु॑ (-tamī́ṣu) |
| vocative | -तमि (-tami) | -तम्यौ (-tamyau) -तमी¹ (-tamī¹) |
-तम्यः (-tamyaḥ) -तमीः¹ (-tamīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
- ³Rigvedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -त॒मम् (-tamám) | -त॒मे (-tamé) | -त॒मानि॑ (-tamā́ni) -त॒मा¹ (-tamā́¹) |
| accusative | -त॒मम् (-tamám) | -त॒मे (-tamé) | -त॒मानि॑ (-tamā́ni) -त॒मा¹ (-tamā́¹) |
| instrumental | -त॒मेन॑ (-taména) | -त॒माभ्या॑म् (-tamā́bhyām) | -त॒मैः (-tamáiḥ) -त॒मेभिः॑¹ (-tamébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | -त॒माय॑ (-tamā́ya) | -त॒माभ्या॑म् (-tamā́bhyām) | -त॒मेभ्यः॑ (-tamébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -त॒मात् (-tamā́t) | -त॒माभ्या॑म् (-tamā́bhyām) | -त॒मेभ्यः॑ (-tamébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -त॒मस्य॑ (-tamásya) | -त॒मयोः॑ (-tamáyoḥ) | -त॒माना॑म् (-tamā́nām) |
| locative | -त॒मे (-tamé) | -त॒मयोः॑ (-tamáyoḥ) | -त॒मेषु॑ (-taméṣu) |
| vocative | -तम (-tama) | -तमे (-tame) | -तमानि (-tamāni) -तमा¹ (-tamā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Wackernagel, Jakob; Albert Debrunner (1896-1964), Altindische Grammatik [Grammar of Ancient Indian] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher)[1] (in German), Vol. II.2: Die Nominalsuffixe, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, published 1954, 449-458, pages 596-610
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit suffixes
- Sanskrit suffixes in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives