-त्र
Appearance
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- -ᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
- -တြ (Burmese script)
- -त्र (Devanagari script)
- -ਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- -𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
- -ꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
- -𑂞𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- -ត្រ (Khmer script)
- -ຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
- -ത്ര (Malayalam script)
- -ᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- -𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
- -ᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- -𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- -𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
- -ତ୍ର (Odia script)
- -ꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- -𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
- -𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
- -ත්ර (Sinhalese script)
- -𑩫 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- -𑚙𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
- -த்ர (Tamil script)
- -ตฺร (Thai script)
- -་ཏྲ (Tibetan script)
- -𑨙𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *-tram, from Proto-Indo-European *-trom.
Suffix
[edit]-त्र • (-tra) n or m
- forms nouns denoting a tool or instrument
- forms verbal abstracta
Usage notes
[edit]The root usually gets the guna grade.
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -त्रम् (-tram) | -त्रे (-tre) | -त्राणि (-trāṇi) -त्रा¹ (-trā¹) |
| accusative | -त्रम् (-tram) | -त्रे (-tre) | -त्राणि (-trāṇi) -त्रा¹ (-trā¹) |
| instrumental | -त्रेण (-treṇa) | -त्राभ्याम् (-trābhyām) | -त्रैः (-traiḥ) -त्रेभिः¹ (-trebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | -त्राय (-trāya) | -त्राभ्याम् (-trābhyām) | -त्रेभ्यः (-trebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -त्रात् (-trāt) | -त्राभ्याम् (-trābhyām) | -त्रेभ्यः (-trebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -त्रस्य (-trasya) | -त्रयोः (-trayoḥ) | -त्राणाम् (-trāṇām) |
| locative | -त्रे (-tre) | -त्रयोः (-trayoḥ) | -त्रेषु (-treṣu) |
| vocative | -त्र (-tra) | -त्रे (-tre) | -त्राणि (-trāṇi) -त्रा¹ (-trā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -त्रः (-traḥ) | -त्रौ (-trau) -त्रा¹ (-trā¹) |
-त्राः (-trāḥ) -त्रासः¹ (-trāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | -त्रम् (-tram) | -त्रौ (-trau) -त्रा¹ (-trā¹) |
-त्रान् (-trān) |
| instrumental | -त्रेण (-treṇa) | -त्राभ्याम् (-trābhyām) | -त्रैः (-traiḥ) -त्रेभिः¹ (-trebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | -त्राय (-trāya) | -त्राभ्याम् (-trābhyām) | -त्रेभ्यः (-trebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -त्रात् (-trāt) | -त्राभ्याम् (-trābhyām) | -त्रेभ्यः (-trebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -त्रस्य (-trasya) | -त्रयोः (-trayoḥ) | -त्राणाम् (-trāṇām) |
| locative | -त्रे (-tre) | -त्रयोः (-trayoḥ) | -त्रेषु (-treṣu) |
| vocative | -त्र (-tra) | -त्रौ (-trau) -त्रा¹ (-trā¹) |
-त्राः (-trāḥ) -त्रासः¹ (-trāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Wackernagel, Jakob; Albert Debrunner (1896-1964), Altindische Grammatik [Grammar of Ancient Indian] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher)[1] (in German), Vol. II.2: Die Nominalsuffixe, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, published 1954, 516-523, pages 701-710
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *-tra, from Proto-Indo-European *-tre (or *-tro).
Alternative forms
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-त्र • (-tra)
- forms adverbs indicating stationary location from nominal stems
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 1: Einleitung, Terminologie, Lautgesetze, Adverbialendungen, Nominalsuffixe, Anhänge und Indices, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 195
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit suffixes
- Sanskrit noun-forming suffixes
- Sanskrit suffixes in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter suffixes
- Sanskrit masculine suffixes
- Sanskrit suffixes with multiple genders
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- Sanskrit adverb-forming suffixes