Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nurþrą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Derived from *nurþraz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnur.θrɑ̃/

Noun

*nurþrą n

1. north, northern

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *nurþrą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*nurþrą	*nurþrō
vocative	*nurþrą	*nurþrō
accusative	*nurþrą	*nurþrō
genitive	*nurþras, *nurþris	*nurþrǫ̂
dative	*nurþrai	*nurþramaz
instrumental	*nurþrō	*nurþramiz

Descendants

• Old English: norþ
  • Middle English: north, norþ, northe, norþe, norrþ
    • English: north
    • Scots: north
    • Yola: nordh, noardth
  • → Old French: nort (see there for further descendants)
• Old Frisian: north
  • Saterland Frisian: Noude, Nudde (Strukelje)
  • West Frisian: noard
• Old Saxon: north
  • Middle Low German: nort, nōrt
    • German Low German: Noord
    • Plautdietsch: Nuaden
• Old Dutch: north
  • Middle Dutch: nort
    • Dutch: noord
      • Afrikaans: noord
      • Negerhollands: noord
      • → Papiamentu: nort, nòrt, noord
    • Limburgish: naord
• Old High German: nord
  • Middle High German: nort
    • German: Nord
    • Luxembourgish: Nord
• Old Norse: norðr
  • Icelandic: norður
  • Faroese: norður
  • Norn: nord
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: nord, norder-
  • Old Swedish: nor
    • Swedish: norr, nord (influenced by Dutch or Low German)
  • Danish: nord
    • Norwegian Bokmål: nord
  • Gutnish: nådar, nårdar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nur.θrɑ̃/

Adverb

*nurþrą (comparative *nurþrōz, superlative *nurþrōst)

1. north, northward

See also

• *austrą
• *sunþrą
• *westrą

Descendants

• Old English: norþ
  • Middle English: north
    • Scots: north
    • English: north
• Old High German: *nordar
  • Middle High German: norder
• Old Norse: norðr
  • Icelandic: norður
  • Faroese: norður
  • Old Swedish: nor
    • Swedish: norr
  • Danish: nord