Ἀθῆναι

See also: Αθήνα, Αθηνά, and Ἀθηνᾶ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• Ἀθᾶναι (Athânai) — Doric

Etymology

Plural of Ἀθήνη (Athḗnē, “Athena”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯/ → /aˈθi.nɛ/ → /aˈθi.ne/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈtʰe̝.nɛ/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈθi.nɛ/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈθi.ne/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈθi.ne/

Proper noun

Ἀθῆναι • (Athênai) f (genitive Ἀθηνῶν); first declension (plural only)

1. Athens.

Inflection

First declension of αἱ Ἀθῆναι; τῶν Ἀθηνῶν (Attic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	αἱ Ἀθῆναι hai Athênai
Genitive	τῶν Ἀθηνῶν tôn Athēnôn
Dative	ταῖς Ἀθήναις taîs Athḗnais
Accusative	τᾱ̀ς Ἀθήνᾱς tā̀s Athḗnās
Vocative	Ἀθῆναι Athênai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of αἱ Ἀθῆναι; τῶν Ἀθηνέων (Ionic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	αἱ Ἀθῆναι hai Athênai
Genitive	τῶν Ἀθηνέων / Ἀθηνῶν tôn Athēnéōn / Athēnôn
Dative	τῇσῐ / τῇσῐν Ἀθήνῃσῐ / Ἀθήνῃσῐν têisi(n) Athḗnēisi(n)
Accusative	τᾱ̀ς Ἀθήνᾱς tā̀s Athḗnās
Vocative	Ἀθῆναι Athênai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First declension of Ἀθῆναι; Ἀθηνᾱ́ων (Epic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	Ἀθῆναι Athênai
Genitive	Ἀθηνᾱ́ων / Ἀθηνέ͜ων / Ἀθηνῶν Athēnā́ōn / Athēné͜ōn / Athēnôn
Dative	Ἀθήνῃσῐ / Ἀθήνῃσῐν / Ἀθήνῃς / Ἀθήναις Athḗnēisi(n) / Athḗnēis / Athḗnais
Accusative	Ἀθήνᾱς Athḗnās
Vocative	Ἀθῆναι Athênai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Usage notes

While the city name was plural from the Classical period onward, Homer also uses a singular form: Ἀθήνη (Athḗnē).

Derived terms

• Ἀθήναζε (Athḗnaze)
• Ἀθήναια (Athḗnaia)
• Ἀθηναῖος (Athēnaîos, “Athenian”)
• Ἀθηναϊσταί (Athēnaïstaí)
• Ἀθήνηθεν (Athḗnēthen)
• Ἀθήνησιν (Athḗnēsin)
• Ἀθηνιάω (Athēniáō)
• Ἀθηνόθεν (Athēnóthen)

Descendants

• Albanian: Athina
• Arabic: أَثِينَا (ʔaṯīnā)
• Armenian: Աթենք (Atʻenkʻ)
• Aromanian: Athena
• Azerbaijani: Afina
• Belarusian: Афіны (Afiny), Атэны (Ateny)
• Bulgarian: Атина (Atina)
• English: Athens
• French: Athènes
• German: Athen
• Greek: Αθήνα (Athína)
• Hebrew: אתונה (Atuna)

• Italian: Atene
• Latin: Athenae
  • Japanese: アテネ (Atene)
• Macedonian: Атина (Atina)
• Persian: آتن (âten)
• Romanian: Atena
• Russian: Афины (Afiny)
• Serbo-Croatian: Атена, Atena
• Sicilian: Ateni
• Turkish: Atina
• Ukrainian: Афіни (Afiny), Атени (Ateny)
• Venetian: Atene

References

• “Ἀθῆναι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Ἀθῆναι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “Ἀθῆναι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Ἀθῆναι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Ἀθῆναι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G116 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,003
• Strong's Concordance number: G116
• entry in A Greek-English Lexicon by Liddell-Scott, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1940