Citations:Pen-ch'i

English citations of Pen-ch'i

						1956 1960s 1970s
ME «	15th c.	16th c.	17th c.	18th c.	19th c.	20th c.	21st c.

Map including PEN-CH'I (PENKIHU) 本溪 (AMS, 1956) (lower right)

• 1956, Yuan-li Wu, An Economic Survey of Communist China‎^[1], New York: Bookman Associates, →OCLC, page 284:

  Output at the Pen-ch'i mine, which produced somewhat under 1 million tons annually during 1942-1944, was around 500,000 tons in 1949.

• 1963, Yuan-li Wu, Economic Development and the Use of Energy Resources in Communist China‎^[2], Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 158:

  In Manchuria, the power plants under construction are concentrated in the southern region, at such highly developed mining and manufacturing centers as Shen-yang (Mukden), Fu-shun, Fou-hsin, Ta-lien (Dairen), and Pen-ch'i. This is the principal established area of industrial concentration in mainland China; it has metallurgical plants, machine-tool and machinery factories, shale oil refineries, and a great array of other industries, most of which turn out proudcers' goods and which, incidentally, are also large coal consumers.

• 1968, Theodore Shabad, “PEN-CH’I”, in Encyclopedia Britannica‎^[3], volume 17, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 548, column 2:

  Pen-ch’i, originally known as Penchihu or Penhsihu, is a steel-smelting centre based on local coking-coal and iron-ore deposits.

• 1973, Chiao-min Hsieh, ATLAS OF CHINA‎^[4], McGraw-Hill, Inc., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 182:

  An-shan leads all other cities in China in steel production; Pen-ch'i is another important steel producer.

• 1977, Albert Feuerwerker, Economic Trends in the Republic of China, 1912-1949‎^[5], →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 23:

  Small-scale Chinese-owned factories were in evidence, but the principal modern industries were a network of Japanese-controlled producers' goods enterprises intended to furnish raw and semifinished materials to the Japanese economy. The Anshan and Pen-ch'i ironworks and the Fushun coal mines, large vertically integrated installations, were the most prominent among these units.