Citations:TRA

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English citations of TRA

Noun: "initialism of trans-racial adoption"

[edit]
2002 2004 2005 2006
ME « 15th c. 16th c. 17th c. 18th c. 19th c. 20th c. 21st c.
  • 2002, Hawley Fogg-Davis, The Ethics of Transracial Adoption, page 3:
    This narrow popular image of TRA as a white-black phenomenon is striking given that adoptions of black children by white parents account for only a small percentage of TRAs and an even smaller percentage of all U.S. domestic adoptions.
  • 2004, Vincent John Cheng, Inauthentic: The Anxiety Over Culture and Identity, page 71:
    There are three reasons why domestic TRAs (involving mostly African American and Native American children) are very different from ICAs: []
  • 2005, Hawley Fogg-Davis, "Racial Randomization: Imagining Nondiscrimination in Adoption", in Adoption Matters: Philosophical and Feminist Essays (eds. Charlotte Witt & Sally Anne Haslanger), page, page 252:
    The 1995 Hollywood movie "Losing Isaiah" exemplifies the popular framing of TRA as an instance of reverse discrimination against whites seeking to adopt black children.
  • 2006, Douglas B. Henderson, "Why Has the Mental Health Community Been Silent on Adoption Issues?", in Handbook of Adoption: Implications for Researchers, Practitioners, and Families (eds. Rafael A. Javier, Amanda L. Baden, Frank A. Biafora, & Alina Camacho-Gingerich), unnumbered page:
    However, racial identity is one surprising area of silence in many of the studies of TRA.

Noun: "initialism of trans-racial adoptee"

[edit]
1992 2000 2016 2020
ME « 15th c. 16th c. 17th c. 18th c. 19th c. 20th c. 21st c.
  • 1992, William Laufer, Adoption, Race, and Identity: From Infancy to Young Adulthood, page 215:
    We asked the TRAs a series of questions about their relationship to family members during adolescence, many of which focused on racial differences.
  • 2000, Rita James Simon & Howard Altstein, Adoption Across Borders: Serving the Children in Transracial and Intercountry Adoptions, page 65:
    Sixty percent of the TRAs and 77 percent of the birth children lived in neighborhoods that were mostly white.
  • 2016, Ellen E. Pinderhughs, "Ethnic Identity Formation", in Transracial and Intercountry Adoptions: Cultural Guidance for Professionals (eds. Rowena Fong & Ruth G. McRoy), page 168:
    A meta-analysis of studies of domestic TRAs and non-white, inracial adoptees showed that TRAs had significantly lower racial/ethnic identities (Hollingsworth, 1997).
  • 2020, Danielle Godon-Decoteau and Patricia Ramsey, "Transracial Adoptees: The rewards and challenges of searching for their birth families", in The Routledge Handbook of Adoption (eds. Elisha Marr, Emily Helder, & Gretchen Miller Wrobel), unnumbered page:
    Practitioners working with TRAs need to be aware of the larger sociocultural context of their clients, particularly in regard to racism.

Noun: "(UK) initialism of tenants and residents association"

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2010 2014 2017
ME « 15th c. 16th c. 17th c. 18th c. 19th c. 20th c. 21st c.
  • 2010, Hal Pawson & David Mullins, After Council Housing: Britain's New Social Landlords, page 237:
    One PFI scheme was developed in an area where formal representative structures (tenant and resident associations (TRAs), tenant liaison committees (TLCs) and community forum) had failed to adapt to the growing ethnic diversity of the area.
  • 2014, Robin Brown, Michael Edwards, & Richard Lee, "Just Space: towards a just, sustainable London", in Sustainable London: The Future of a Global City (eds. Rob Imree & Loretta Lees), unnumbered pages:
    Just Space also provided support to Tower Hamlets Tenants Federation (THTF) to deliver a programme of events on community planning aimed at Tenants and Residents Associations (TRAs) in the borough.
  • 2017, Luna Glucksberg, "'The Blue Bit, That Was My Bedroom': Rubble, Displacement and Regeneration in Inner-City London", in Social Housing and Urban Renewal: A Cross-National Perspective (eds. Paul Watt & Peer Smets), unnumbered page:
    Brandon berated the lack of 'community cohesion' in the Five Estates, yet went to great length to explain how different community groups and TRAs (Tenants and Residents Associations) could not find agreement with one another.

Noun: "(often derogatory) initialism of trans-rights activist"

[edit]
2017 2020 2021
ME « 15th c. 16th c. 17th c. 18th c. 19th c. 20th c. 21st c.
  • 2017, e-mail sent to Representative Tracey Martin of New Zealand on 14 February 2017, released with the package "Communications and OIAs regarding the Births, Deaths and Marriages Act" under the Official Information Act 1982:
    Yet if I try to raise any of my concerns at our rangitahi being preyed on (autistic, Asperger's, depressed, all being targeted by TRAs saying 'you're a boy/girl, silly!' and guess who benefits?
  • 2018, Una-Jane Winfield, written evidence submitted to the Gender Recognition Act 2004 consultation in the United Kingdom in 2018, page 2:
    Attempts to compel ordinary people to use the “preferred pronouns” of TRAs will backfire as this is coercion.
  • 2020, anonymous, quoted in Christina T. Lu, "A computational approach to analyzing and detecting trans-exclusionary radical feminists (TERFs) on Twitter", thesis submitted to Dartmouth College, page 43:
    Of the gender ideology that Stonewall and TRAs are flogging, as opposed to a person having dysphoria, loathing their genitalia & body, and feeling they are in need of medical interventions.
  • 2021, anonymous, Shonagh Dillon, "#TERF/Bigot/Transphobe – We found the witch, burn her!: A contextual constructionist account of the silencing of feminist discourse on the proposed changes to the Gender Recognition Act 2004 [...]", thesis submitted to the University of Portsmouth, page 406:
    People use that acronym [TERF] all the time as though it isn’t offensive, and it really is offensive…and it just shows how successful the TRAs have been in framing themselves as victims and the rest of us are witches.