Module:pt-verb
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local export = {}
--[=[
Authorship: Ben Wing <benwing2>
]=]
--[=[
TERMINOLOGY:
-- "slot" = A particular combination of tense/mood/person/number/etc.
Example slot names for verbs are "pres_1s" (present indicative first-person singular), "pres_sub_2s" (present
subjunctive second-person singular) "impf_sub_3p" (imperfect subjunctive third-person plural).
Each slot is filled with zero or more forms.
-- "form" = The conjugated Portuguese form representing the value of a given slot.
-- "lemma" = The dictionary form of a given Portuguese term. For Portuguese, always the infinitive.
]=]
--[=[
FIXME:
--"i-e" alternation doesn't work properly when the stem comes with a hiatus in it.
--]=]
local force_cat = false -- set to true for debugging
local check_for_red_links = false -- set to false for debugging
local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("pt")
local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities")
local m_links = require("Module:links")
local m_table = require("Module:table")
local iut = require("Module:inflection utilities")
local com = require("Module:pt-common")
local add_links = com.add_links
local format = m_str_utils.format
local remove_final_accent = com.remove_final_accent
local rfind = m_str_utils.find
local rmatch = m_str_utils.match
local rsplit = m_str_utils.split
local rsub = com.rsub
local strip_redundant_links = com.strip_redundant_links
local u = m_str_utils.char
local function link_term(term)
return m_links.full_link({ lang = lang, term = term }, "term")
end
local V = com.V -- vowel regex class
local AV = com.AV -- accented vowel regex class
local C = com.C -- consonant regex class
local AC = u(0x0301) -- acute = ́
local TEMPC1 = u(0xFFF1) -- temporary character used for consonant substitutions
local TEMP_MESOCLITIC_INSERTION_POINT = u(0xFFF2) -- temporary character used to mark the mesoclitic insertion point
local VAR_BR = u(0xFFF3) -- variant code for Brazil
local VAR_PT = u(0xFFF4) -- variant code for Portugal
local VAR_SUPERSEDED = u(0xFFF5) -- variant code for superseded forms
local VAR_NORMAL = u(0xFFF6) -- variant code for non-superseded forms
local all_var_codes = VAR_BR .. VAR_PT .. VAR_SUPERSEDED .. VAR_NORMAL
local var_codes_no_superseded = VAR_BR .. VAR_PT .. VAR_NORMAL
local var_code_c = "[" .. all_var_codes .. "]"
local var_code_no_superseded_c = "[" .. var_codes_no_superseded .. "]"
local not_var_code_c = "[^" .. all_var_codes .. "]"
-- Export variant codes for use in [[Module:pt-inflections]].
export.VAR_BR = VAR_BR
export.VAR_PT = VAR_PT
export.VAR_SUPERSEDED = VAR_SUPERSEDED
export.VAR_NORMAL = VAR_NORMAL
local short_pp_footnote = "[usually used with auxiliary verbs " .. link_term("ser") .. " and " .. link_term("estar") .. "]"
local long_pp_footnote = "[usually used with auxiliary verbs " .. link_term("haver") .. " and " .. link_term("ter") .. "]"
--[=[
Vowel alternations:
<i-e>: 'i' in pres1s and the whole present subjunctive; 'e' elsewhere when stressed. Generally 'e' otherwise when
unstressed. E.g. [[sentir]], [[conseguir]] (the latter additionally with 'gu-g' alternation).
<u-o>: 'u' in pres1s and the whole present subjunctive; 'o' elsewhere when stressed. Either 'o' or 'u' otherwise when
unstressed. E.g. [[dormir]], [[subir]].
<i>: 'i' whenever stressed (in the present singular and third plural) and throughout the whole present subjunctive.
Otherwise 'e'. E.g. [[progredir]], also [[premir]] per Priberam.
<u>: 'u' whenever stressed (in the present singular and third plural) and throughout the whole present subjunctive.
Otherwise 'o'. E.g. [[polir]], [[extorquir]] (the latter also <u-o>).
<í>: The last 'i' of the stem (excluding stem-final 'i') becomes 'í' when stressed. E.g.:
* [[proibir]] ('proíbo, proíbe(s), proíbem, proíba(s), proíbam')
* [[faiscar]] ('faísco, faísca(s), faíscam, faísque(s), faísquem' also with 'c-qu' alternation)
* [[homogeneizar]] ('homogeneízo', etc.)
* [[mobiliar]] ('mobílio', etc.; note here the final -i is ignored when determining which vowel to stress)
* [[tuitar]] ('tuíto', etc.)
<ú>: The last 'u' of the stem (excluding stem-final 'u') becomes 'ú' when stressed. E.g.:
* [[reunir]] ('reúno, reúne(s), reúnem, reúna(s), reúnam')
* [[esmiuçar]] ('esmiúço, esmiúça(s), esmiúça, esmiúce(s), esmiúcem' also with 'ç-c' alternation)
* [[reusar]] ('reúso, reúsa(s), reúsa, reúse(s), reúsem')
* [[saudar]] ('saúdo, saúda(s), saúda, saúde(s), saúdem')
]=]
local vowel_alternants = m_table.listToSet({"i-e", "i", "í", "u-o", "u", "ú", "ei", "+"})
local vowel_alternant_to_desc = {
["i-e"] = "''i-e'' alternation in present singular",
["i"] = "''e'' becomes ''i'' when stressed",
["í"] = "''i'' becomes ''í'' when stressed",
["u-o"] = "''u-o'' alternation in present singular",
["u"] = "''o'' becomes ''u'' when stressed",
["ú"] = "''u'' becomes ''ú'' when stressed",
["ei"] = "''i'' becomes ''ei'' when stressed",
}
local vowel_alternant_to_cat = {
["i-e"] = "i-e alternation in present singular",
["i"] = "e becoming i when stressed",
["í"] = "i becoming í when stressed",
["u-o"] = "u-o alternation in present singular",
["u"] = "o becoming u when stressed",
["ú"] = "u becoming ú when stressed",
["ei"] = "i becoming ei when stressed",
}
local all_persons_numbers = {
["1s"] = "1|s",
["2s"] = "2|s",
["3s"] = "3|s",
["1p"] = "1|p",
["2p"] = "2|p",
["3p"] = "3|p",
}
local person_number_list = {"1s", "2s", "3s", "1p", "2p", "3p"}
local imp_person_number_list = {"2s", "3s", "1p", "2p", "3p"}
local neg_imp_person_number_list = {"2s", "3s", "1p", "2p", "3p"}
person_number_to_reflexive_pronoun = {
["1s"] = "me",
["2s"] = "te",
["3s"] = "se",
["1p"] = "nos",
["2p"] = "vos",
["3p"] = "se",
}
local indicator_flags = m_table.listToSet {
"no_pres_stressed", "no_pres1_and_sub",
"only3s", "only3sp", "only3p",
"pp_inv", "irreg", "no_built_in", "e_ei_cat",
}
-- Remove any variant codes e.g. VAR_BR, VAR_PT, VAR_SUPERSEDED. Needs to be called from [[Module:pt-headword]] on the
-- output of do_generate_forms(). `keep_superseded` leaves VAR_SUPERSEDED; used in the `canonicalize` function of
-- show_forms() because we then process and remove it in `generate_forms`. FIXME: Use metadata for this once it's
-- supported in [[Module:inflection utilities]].
function export.remove_variant_codes(form, keep_superseded)
return rsub(form, keep_superseded and var_code_no_superseded_c or var_code_c, "")
end
-- Initialize all the slots for which we generate forms.
local function add_slots(alternant_multiword_spec)
-- "Basic" slots: All slots that go into the regular table (not the reflexive form-of table).
alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic = {
{"infinitive", "inf"},
{"infinitive_linked", "inf"},
{"gerund", "ger"},
{"short_pp_ms", "short|m|s|past|part"},
{"short_pp_fs", "short|f|s|past|part"},
{"short_pp_mp", "short|m|p|past|part"},
{"short_pp_fp", "short|f|p|past|part"},
{"pp_ms", "m|s|past|part"},
{"pp_fs", "f|s|past|part"},
{"pp_mp", "m|p|past|part"},
{"pp_fp", "f|p|past|part"},
}
-- Special slots used to handle non-reflexive parts of reflexive verbs in {{pt-verb form of}}.
-- For example, for a reflexive-only verb like [[esbaldar-se]], we want to be able to use {{pt-verb form of}} on
-- [[esbalde]] (which should mention that it is a part of 'me esbalde', first-person singular present subjunctive,
-- and 'se esbalde', third-person singular present subjunctive) or on [[esbaldamos]] (which should mention that it
-- is a part of 'esbaldamo-nos', first-person plural present indicative or preterite). Similarly, we want to use
-- {{pt-verb form of}} on [[esbaldando]] (which should mention that it is a part of 'se ... esbaldando', syntactic
-- variant of [[esbaldando-se]], which is the gerund of [[esbaldar-se]]). To do this, we need to be able to map
-- non-reflexive parts like [[esbalde]], [[esbaldamos]], [[esbaldando]], etc. to their reflexive equivalent(s), to
-- the tag(s) of the equivalent(s), and, in the case of forms like [[esbaldando]], [[esbaldar]] and imperatives, to
-- the separated syntactic variant of the verb+clitic combination. We do this by creating slots for the
-- non-reflexive part equivalent of each basic reflexive slot, and for the separated syntactic-variant equivalent
-- of each basic reflexive slot that is formed of verb+clitic. We use slots in this way to deal with multiword
-- lemmas. Note that we run into difficulties mapping between reflexive verbs, non-reflexive part equivalents, and
-- separated syntactic variants if a slot contains more than one form. To handle this, if there are the same number
-- of forms in two slots we're trying to match up, we assume the forms match one-to-one; otherwise we don't match up
-- the two slots (which means {{pt-verb form of}} won't work in this case, but such a case is extremely rare and not
-- worth worrying about). Alternatives that handle this "properly" are significantly more complicated and require
-- non-trivial modifications to [[Module:inflection utilities]].
local need_special_verb_form_of_slots = alternant_multiword_spec.source_template == "pt-verb form of" and
alternant_multiword_spec.refl
if need_special_verb_form_of_slots then
alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_reflexive_verb_form_of = {
{"infinitive_non_reflexive", "-"},
{"infinitive_variant", "-"},
{"gerund_non_reflexive", "-"},
{"gerund_variant", "-"},
}
else
alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_reflexive_verb_form_of = {}
end
-- Add entries for a slot with person/number variants.
-- `verb_slots` is the table to add to.
-- `slot_prefix` is the prefix of the slot, typically specifying the tense/aspect.
-- `tag_suffix` is a string listing the set of inflection tags to add after the person/number tags.
-- `person_number_list` is a list of the person/number slot suffixes to add to `slot_prefix`.
local function add_personal_slot(verb_slots, slot_prefix, tag_suffix, person_number_list)
for _, persnum in ipairs(person_number_list) do
local persnum_tag = all_persons_numbers[persnum]
local slot = slot_prefix .. "_" .. persnum
local accel = persnum_tag .. "|" .. tag_suffix
table.insert(verb_slots, {slot, accel})
end
end
-- Add a personal slot (i.e. a slot with person/number variants) to `verb_slots_basic`.
local function add_basic_personal_slot(slot_prefix, tag_suffix, person_number_list, no_special_verb_form_of_slot)
add_personal_slot(alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic, slot_prefix, tag_suffix, person_number_list)
-- Add special slots for handling non-reflexive parts of reflexive verbs in {{pt-verb form of}}.
-- See comment above in `need_special_verb_form_of_slots`.
if need_special_verb_form_of_slots and not no_special_verb_form_of_slot then
for _, persnum in ipairs(person_number_list) do
local persnum_tag = all_persons_numbers[persnum]
local basic_slot = slot_prefix .. "_" .. persnum
local accel = persnum_tag .. "|" .. tag_suffix
table.insert(alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_reflexive_verb_form_of, {basic_slot .. "_non_reflexive", "-"})
end
end
end
add_basic_personal_slot("pres", "pres|ind", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("impf", "impf|ind", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("pret", "pret|ind", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("plup", "plup|ind", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("fut", "fut|ind", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("cond", "cond", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("pres_sub", "pres|sub", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("impf_sub", "impf|sub", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("fut_sub", "fut|sub", person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("imp", "imp", imp_person_number_list)
add_basic_personal_slot("pers_inf", "pers|inf", person_number_list)
-- Don't need special non-reflexive-part slots because the negative imperative is multiword, of which the
-- individual words are 'não' + subjunctive.
add_basic_personal_slot("neg_imp", "neg|imp", neg_imp_person_number_list, "no special verb form of")
-- Don't need special non-reflexive-part slots because we don't want [[esbaldando]] mapping to [[esbaldando-me]]
-- (only [[esbaldando-se]]) or [[esbaldar]] mapping to [[esbaldar-me]] (only [[esbaldar-se]]).
add_basic_personal_slot("infinitive", "inf", person_number_list, "no special verb form of")
add_basic_personal_slot("gerund", "ger", person_number_list, "no special verb form of")
-- Generate the list of all slots.
alternant_multiword_spec.all_verb_slots = {}
for _, slot_and_accel in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic) do
table.insert(alternant_multiword_spec.all_verb_slots, slot_and_accel)
end
for _, slot_and_accel in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_reflexive_verb_form_of) do
table.insert(alternant_multiword_spec.all_verb_slots, slot_and_accel)
end
alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic_map = {}
for _, slotaccel in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic) do
local slot, accel = unpack(slotaccel)
alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic_map[slot] = accel
end
end
local overridable_stems = {}
local function allow_multiple_values(separated_groups, data)
local retvals = {}
for _, separated_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do
local footnotes = data.fetch_footnotes(separated_group)
local retval = {form = separated_group[1], footnotes = footnotes}
table.insert(retvals, retval)
end
return retvals
end
local function simple_choice(choices)
return function(separated_groups, data)
if #separated_groups > 1 then
data.parse_err("For spec '" .. data.prefix .. ":', only one value currently allowed")
end
if #separated_groups[1] > 1 then
data.parse_err("For spec '" .. data.prefix .. ":', no footnotes currently allowed")
end
local choice = separated_groups[1][1]
if not m_table.contains(choices, choice) then
data.parse_err("For spec '" .. data.prefix .. ":', saw value '" .. choice .. "' but expected one of '" ..
table.concat(choices, ",") .. "'")
end
return choice
end
end
for _, overridable_stem in ipairs {
"pres_unstressed",
"pres_stressed",
"pres1_and_sub",
-- Don't include pres1; use pres_1s if you need to override just that form
"impf",
"full_impf",
"pret_base",
"pret",
{"pret_conj", simple_choice({"irreg", "ar", "er", "ir"}) },
"fut",
"cond",
"pres_sub_stressed",
"pres_sub_unstressed",
{"sub_conj", simple_choice({"ar", "er"}) },
"plup",
"impf_sub",
"fut_sub",
"pers_inf",
"pp",
"short_pp",
} do
if type(overridable_stem) == "string" then
overridable_stems[overridable_stem] = allow_multiple_values
else
local stem, validator = unpack(overridable_stem)
overridable_stems[stem] = validator
end
end
-- Useful as the value of the `match` property of a built-in verb. `main_verb_spec` is a Lua pattern that should match
-- the non-prefixed part of a verb, and `prefix_specs` is a list of Lua patterns that should match the prefixed part of
-- a verb. If a prefix spec is preceded by ^, it must match exactly at the beginning of the verb; otherwise, additional
-- prefixes (e.g. re-, des-) may precede. Return the prefix and main verb.
local function match_against_verbs(main_verb_spec, prefix_specs)
return function(verb)
for _, prefix_spec in ipairs(prefix_specs) do
if prefix_spec:find("^%^") then
-- must match exactly
prefix_spec = prefix_spec:gsub("^%^", "")
if prefix_spec == "" then
-- We can't use the second branch of the if-else statement because an empty () returns the current position
-- in rmatch().
local main_verb = rmatch(verb, "^(" .. main_verb_spec .. ")$")
if main_verb then
return "", main_verb
end
else
local prefix, main_verb = rmatch(verb, "^(" .. prefix_spec .. ")(" .. main_verb_spec .. ")$")
if prefix then
return prefix, main_verb
end
end
else
local prefix, main_verb = rmatch(verb, "^(.*" .. prefix_spec .. ")(" .. main_verb_spec .. ")$")
if prefix then
return prefix, main_verb
end
end
end
return nil
end
end
--[=[
Built-in (usually irregular) conjugations.
Each entry is processed in turn and consists of an object with two fields:
1. match=: Specifies the built-in verbs that match this object.
2. forms=: Specifies the built-in stems and forms for these verbs.
The value of match= is either a string beginning with "^" (match only the specified verb), a string not beginning
with "^" (match any verb ending in that string), or a function that is passed in the verb and should return the prefix
of the verb if it matches, otherwise nil. The function match_against_verbs() is provided to facilitate matching a set
of verbs with a common ending and specific prefixes (e.g. [[ter]] and [[ater]] but not [[abater]], etc.).
The value of forms= is a table specifying stems and individual override forms. Each key of the table names either a
stem (e.g. `pres_stressed`), a stem property (e.g. `vowel_alt`) or an individual override form (e.g. `pres_1s`).
Each value of a stem can either be a string (a single stem), a list of strings, or a list of objects of the form
{form = STEM, footnotes = {FOONOTES}}. Each value of an individual override should be of exactly the same form except
that the strings specify full forms rather than stems. The values of a stem property depend on the specific property
but are generally strings or booleans.
In order to understand how the stem specifications work, it's important to understand the phonetic modifications done
by combine_stem_ending(). In general, the complexities of predictable prefix, stem and ending modifications are all
handled in this function. In particular:
1. Spelling-based modifications (c/z, g/gu, gu/gü, g/j) occur automatically as appropriate for the ending.
2. If the stem begins with an acute accent, the accent is moved onto the last vowel of the prefix (for handling verbs
in -uar such as [[minguar]], pres_3s 'míngua').
3. If the ending begins with a double asterisk, this is a signal to conditionally delete the accent on the last letter
of the stem. "Conditionally" means we don't do it if the last two letters would form a diphthong without the accent
on the second one (e.g. in [[sair]], with stem 'saí'); but as an exception, we do delete the accent in stems
ending in -guí, -quí (e.g. in [[conseguir]]) because in this case the ui isn't a diphthong.
4. If the ending begins with an asterisk, this is a signal to delete the accent on the last letter of the stem, e.g.
fizé -> fizermos. Unlike for **, this removal is unconditional, so we get e.g. 'sairmos' not #'saírmos'.
5. If ending begins with i, it must get an accent after an unstressed vowel (in some but not all cases) to prevent the
two merging into a diphthong. See combine_stem_ending() for specifics.
The following stems are recognized:
-- pres_unstressed: The present indicative unstressed stem (1p, 2p). Also controls the imperative 2p
and gerund. Defaults to the infinitive stem (minus the ending -ar/-er/-ir/-or).
-- pres_stressed: The present indicative stressed stem (1s, 2s, 3s, 3p). Also controls the imperative 2s.
Default is empty if indicator `no_pres_stressed`, else a vowel alternation if such an indicator is given
(e.g. `ue`, `ì`), else the infinitive stem.
-- pres1_and_sub: Overriding stem for 1s present indicative and the entire subjunctive. Only set by irregular verbs
and by the indicators `no_pres_stressed` (e.g. [[precaver]]) and `no_pres1_and_sub` (since verbs of this sort,
e.g. [[puir]], are missing the entire subjunctive as well as the 1s present indicative). Used by many irregular
verbs, e.g. [[caber]], verbs in '-air', [[dizer]], [[ter]], [[valer]], etc. Some verbs set this and then supply an
override for the pres_1sg if it's irregular, e.g. [[saber]], with irregular subjunctive stem "saib-" and special
1s present indicative "sei".
-- pres1: Special stem for 1s present indicative. Normally, do not set this explicitly. If you need to specify an
irregular 1s present indicative, use the form override pres_1s= to specify the entire form. Defaults to
pres1_and_sub if given, else pres_stressed.
-- pres_sub_unstressed: The present subjunctive unstressed stem (1p, 2p). Defaults to pres1_and_sub if given, else the
infinitive stem.
-- pres_sub_stressed: The present subjunctive stressed stem (1s, 2s, 3s, 1p). Defaults to pres1.
-- sub_conj: Determines the set of endings used in the subjunctive. Should be one of "ar" or "er".
-- impf: The imperfect stem (not including the -av-/-i- stem suffix, which is determined by the conjugation). Defaults
to the infinitive stem.
-- full_impf: The full imperfect stem missing only the endings (-a, -as, -am, etc.). Used for verbs with irregular
imperfects such as [[ser]], [[ter]], [[vir]] and [[pôr]]. Overrides must be supplied for the impf_1p and impf_2p
due to these forms having an accent on the stem.
-- pret_base: The preterite stem (not including the -a-/-e-/-i- stem suffix). Defaults to the infinitive stem.
-- pret: The full preterite stem missing only the endings (-ste, -mos, etc.). Used for verbs with irregular preterites
(pret_conj == "irreg") such as [[fazer]], [[poder]], [[trazer]], etc. Overrides must be supplied for the pret_1s
and pret_3s. Defaults to `pret_base` + the accented conjugation vowel.
-- pret_conj: Determines the set of endings used in the preterite. Should be one of "ar", "er", "ir" or "irreg".
Defaults to the conjugation as determined from the infinitive. When pret_conj == "irreg", stem `pret` is used,
otherwise `pret_base`.
-- fut: The future stem. Defaults to the infinitive stem + the unaccented conjugation vowel.
-- cond: The conditional stem. Defaults to `fut`.
-- impf_sub: The imperfect subjunctive stem. Defaults to `pret`.
-- fut_sub: The future subjunctive stem. Defaults to `pret`.
-- plup: The pluperfect stem. Defaults to `pret`.
-- pers_inf: The personal infinitive stem. Defaults to the infinitive stem + the accented conjugation vowel.
-- pp: The masculine singular past participle. Default is based on the verb conjugation: infinitive stem + "ado" for
-ar verbs, otherwise infinitive stem + "ido".
-- short_pp: The short masculine singular past participle, for verbs with such a form. No default.
-- pp_inv: True if the past participle exists only in the masculine singular.
]=]
local built_in_conjugations = {
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -ar --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Verbs not needing entries here:
--
-- (1) Verbs with short past participles: need to specify the short pp explicitly.
--
-- aceitar: use <short_pp:aceito[Brazil],aceite[Portugal]>
-- anexar, completar, expressar, expulsar, findar, fritar, ganhar, gastar, limpar, pagar, pasmar, pegar, soltar:
-- use <short_pp:anexo> etc.
-- assentar: use <short_pp:assente>
-- entregar: use <short_pp:entregue>
-- enxugar: use <short_pp:enxuto>
-- matar: use <short_pp:morto>
--
-- (2) Verbs with orthographic consonant alternations: handled automatically.
--
-- -car (brincar, buscar, pecar, trancar, etc.): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
-- -çar (alcançar, começar, laçar): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
-- -gar (apagar, cegar, esmagar, largar, navegar, resmungar, sugar, etc.): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
--
-- (3) Verbs with vowel alternations: need to specify the alternation explicitly unless it always happens, in
-- which case it's handled automatically through an entry below.
--
-- esmiuçar changing to esmiúço: use <ú>
-- faiscar changing to faísco: use <í>
-- -iar changing to -eio (ansiar, incendiar, mediar, odiar, remediar, etc.): use <ei>
-- -izar changing to -ízo (ajuizar, enraizar, homogeneizar, plebeizar, etc.): use <í>
-- mobiliar changing to mobílio: use <í>
-- reusar changing to reúso: use <ú>
-- saudar changing to saúdo: use <ú>
-- tuitar/retuitar changing to (re)tuíto: use <í>
{
-- dar, desdar
match = match_against_verbs("dar", {"^", "^des", "^re"}),
forms = {
pres_1s = "dou",
pres_2s = "dás",
pres_3s = "dá",
-- damos, dais regular
pres_3p = "dão",
pret = "dé", pret_conj = "irreg", pret_1s = "dei", pret_3s = "deu",
pres_sub_1s = "dê",
pres_sub_2s = "dês",
pres_sub_3s = "dê",
pres_sub_1p = {"demos", "dêmos"},
-- deis regular
pres_sub_3p = {"deem", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "dêem"},
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- -ear (frear, nomear, semear, etc.)
match = "ear",
forms = {
pres_stressed = "ei",
e_ei_cat = true,
}
},
{
-- estar
match = match_against_verbs("estar", {"^", "sob", "sobr"}),
forms = {
pres_1s = "estou",
pres_2s = "estás",
pres_3s = "está",
-- FIXME, estámos is claimed as an alternative pres_1p in the old conjugation data, but I believe this is garbage
pres_3p = "estão",
pres1_and_sub = "estej", -- only for subjunctive as we override pres_1s
sub_conj = "er",
pret = "estivé", pret_conj = "irreg", pret_1s = "estive", pret_3s = "esteve",
-- [[sobestar]], [[sobrestar]] are transitive so they have fully inflected past participles
pp_inv = function(base, prefix) return prefix == "" end,
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- It appears that only [[resfolegar]] has proparoxytone forms, not [[folegar]] or [[tresfolegar]].
match = "^resfolegar",
forms = {
pres_stressed = {"resfóleg", "resfoleg"},
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- aguar/desaguar/enxaguar, ambiguar/apaziguar/averiguar, minguar, cheguar?? (obsolete variant of [[chegar]])
match = "guar",
forms = {
-- combine_stem_ending() will move the acute accent backwards so it sits after the last vowel in [[minguar]]
pres_stressed = {{form = AC .. "gu", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}, {form = "gu", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}}},
pres_sub_stressed = {
{form = AC .. "gu", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = "gu", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
{form = AC .. VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "gü", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "gú", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
},
pres_sub_unstressed = {"gu", {form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "gü", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}},
pret_1s = {"guei", {form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "güei", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}},
}
},
{
-- adequar/readequar, antiquar/obliquar, apropinquar
match = "quar",
forms = {
-- combine_stem_ending() will move the acute accent backwards so it sits after the last vowel in [[apropinquar]]
pres_stressed = {{form = AC .. "qu", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}, {form = "qu", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}}},
pres_sub_stressed = {
{form = AC .. "qu", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = "qu", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
{form = AC .. VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "qü", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "qú", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
},
pres_sub_unstressed = {"qu", {form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "qü", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}},
pret_1s = {"quei", {form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "qüei", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}},
}
},
{
-- -oar (abençoar, coroar, enjoar, perdoar, etc.)
match = "oar",
forms = {
pres_1s = {"oo", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "ôo"},
}
},
{
-- -oiar (apoiar, boiar)
match = "oiar",
forms = {
pres_stressed = {"oi", {form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "ói", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}},
}
},
{
-- parar
match = "^parar",
forms = {
pres_3s = {"para", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "pára"},
}
},
{
-- pelar
match = "^pelar",
forms = {
pres_1s = {"pelo", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "pélo"},
pres_2s = {"pelas", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "pélas"},
pres_3s = {"pela", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "péla"},
}
},
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -er --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Verbs not needing entries here:
--
-- precaver: use <no_pres_stressed>
-- -cer (verbs in -ecer, descer, vencer, etc.): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
-- -ger (proteger, reger, etc.): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
-- -guer (erguer/reerguer/soerguer): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
{
-- benzer
match = "benzer",
forms = {short_pp = "bento"}
},
{
-- caber
match = "caber",
forms = {
pres1_and_sub = "caib",
pret = "coubé", pret_1s = "coube", pret_3s = "coube", pret_conj = "irreg",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- crer, descrer
match = "crer",
forms = {
pres_2s = "crês", pres_3s = "crê",
pres_2p = "credes", pres_3p = {"creem", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "crêem"},
pres1_and_sub = "crei",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- dizer, bendizer, condizer, contradizer, desdizer, maldizer, predizer, etc.
match = "dizer",
forms = {
-- use 'digu' because we're in a front environment; if we use 'dig', we'll get '#dijo'
pres1_and_sub = "digu", pres_3s = "diz",
pret = "dissé", pret_conj = "irreg", pret_1s = "disse", pret_3s = "disse", pp = "dito",
fut = "dir",
imp_2s = {"diz", "dize"}, -- per Infopédia
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- eleger, reeleger
match = "eleger",
forms = {short_pp = "eleito"}
},
{
-- acender, prender; not desprender, etc.
match = match_against_verbs("ender", {"^ac", "^pr"}),
forms = {short_pp = "eso"}
},
{
-- fazer, afazer, contrafazer, desfazer, liquefazer, perfazer, putrefazer, rarefazer, refazer, satisfazer, tumefazer
match = "fazer",
forms = {
pres1_and_sub = "faç", pres_3s = "faz",
pret = "fizé", pret_conj = "irreg", pret_1s = "fiz", pret_3s = "fez", pp = "feito",
fut = "far",
imp_2s = {"faz", {form = "faze", footnotes = {"[Brazil only]"}}}, -- per Priberam
irreg = true,
}
},
{
match = "^haver",
forms = {
pres_1s = "hei",
pres_2s = "hás",
pres_3s = "há",
pres_1p = {"havemos", "hemos"},
pres_2p = {"haveis", "heis"},
pres_3p = "hão",
pres1_and_sub = "haj", -- only for subjunctive as we override pres_1s
pret = "houvé", pret_conj = "irreg", pret_1s = "houve", pret_3s = "houve",
imp_2p = "havei",
irreg = true,
}
},
-- reaver below under r-
{
-- jazer, adjazer
match = "jazer",
forms = {
pres_3s = "jaz",
imp_2s = {"jaz", "jaze"}, -- per Infopédia
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- ler, reler, tresler; not excel(l)er, valer, etc.
match = match_against_verbs("ler", {"^", "^re", "tres"}),
forms = {
pres_2s = "lês", pres_3s = "lê",
pres_2p = "ledes", pres_3p = {"leem", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "lêem"},
pres1_and_sub = "lei",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- morrer, desmorrer
match = "morrer",
forms = {short_pp = "morto"}
},
{
-- doer, moer/remoer, roer/corroer, soer
match = "oer",
forms = {
pres_1s = function(base, prefix)
return prefix ~= "s" and {"oo", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "ôo"} or nil
end, pres_2s = "óis", pres_3s = "ói",
-- impf -ía etc., pret_1s -oí and pp -oído handled automatically in combine_stem_ending()
only3sp = function(base, prefix) return prefix == "d" end,
no_pres1_and_sub = function(base, prefix) return prefix == "s" end,
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- perder
match = "perder",
forms = {
-- use 'perqu' because we're in a front environment; if we use 'perc', we'll get '#perço'
pres1_and_sub = "perqu",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- poder
match = "poder",
forms = {
pres1_and_sub = "poss",
pret = "pudé", pret_1s = "pude", pret_3s = "pôde", pret_conj = "irreg",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- prazer, aprazer, comprazer, desprazer
match = "prazer",
forms = {
pres_3s = "praz",
pret = "prouvé", pret_1s = "prouve", pret_3s = "prouve", pret_conj = "irreg",
only3sp = function(base, prefix) return not prefix:find("com$") end,
irreg = true,
}
},
-- prover below, just below ver
{
-- requerer; must precede querer
match = "requerer",
forms = {
-- old module claims alt pres_3s 'requere'; not in Priberam, Infopédia or conjugacao.com.br
pres_3s = "requer",
pres1_and_sub = "requeir",
imp_2s = {{form = "requere", footnotes = {"[Brazil only]"}}, "requer"}, -- per Priberam
-- regular preterite, unlike [[querer]]
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- querer, desquerer, malquerer
match = "querer",
forms = {
-- old module claims alt pres_3s 'quere'; not in Priberam, Infopédia or conjugacao.com.br
pres_1s = "quero", pres_3s = "quer",
pres1_and_sub = "queir", -- only for subjunctive as we override pres_1s
pret = "quisé", pret_1s = "quis", pret_3s = "quis", pret_conj = "irreg",
imp_2s = {{form = "quere", footnotes = {"[Brazil only]"}}, {form = "quer", footnotes = {"[Brazil only]"}}}, -- per Priberam
irreg = true,
}
},
{
match = "reaver",
forms = {
no_pres_stressed = true,
pret = "reouvé", pret_conj = "irreg", pret_1s = "reouve", pret_3s = "reouve",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- saber, ressaber
match = "saber",
forms = {
pres_1s = "sei",
pres1_and_sub = "saib", -- only for subjunctive as we override pres_1s
pret = "soubé", pret_1s = "soube", pret_3s = "soube", pret_conj = "irreg",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- escrever/reescrever, circunscrever, descrever/redescrever, inscrever, prescrever, proscrever, subscrever,
-- transcrever, others?
match = "screver",
forms = {
pp = "scrito",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- suspender
match = "suspender",
forms = {short_pp = "suspenso"}
},
{
match = "^ser",
forms = {
pres_1s = "sou", pres_2s = "és", pres_3s = "é",
pres_1p = "somos", pres_2p = "sois", pres_3p = "são",
pres1_and_sub = "sej", -- only for subjunctive as we override pres_1s
full_impf = "er", impf_1p = "éramos", impf_2p = "éreis",
pret = "fô", pret_1s = "fui", pret_3s = "foi", pret_conj = "irreg",
imp_2s = "sê", imp_2p = "sede",
pp_inv = true,
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- We want to match abster, conter, deter, etc. but not abater, cometer, etc. No way to avoid listing each verb.
match = match_against_verbs("ter", {"abs", "^a", "con", "de", "entre", "man", "ob", "^re", "sus", "^"}),
forms = {
pres_2s = function(base, prefix) return prefix == "" and "tens" or "téns" end,
pres_3s = function(base, prefix) return prefix == "" and "tem" or "tém" end,
pres_2p = "tendes", pres_3p = "têm",
pres1_and_sub = "tenh",
full_impf = "tinh", impf_1p = "tínhamos", impf_2p = "tínheis",
pret = "tivé", pret_1s = "tive", pret_3s = "teve", pret_conj = "irreg",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
match = "trazer",
forms = {
-- use 'tragu' because we're in a front environment; if we use 'trag', we'll get '#trajo'
pres1_and_sub = "tragu", pres_3s = "traz",
pret = "trouxé", pret_1s = "trouxe", pret_3s = "trouxe", pret_conj = "irreg",
fut = "trar",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- valer, desvaler, equivaler
match = "valer",
forms = {
pres1_and_sub = "valh",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- coerir, incoerir
--FIXME: This should be a part of the <i-e> section. It's an "i-e", but with accents to prevent a diphthong when it gets stressed.
match = "coerir",
forms = {
vowel_alt = "i-e",
pres1_and_sub = "coír",
pres_sub_unstressed = "coir",
}
},
{
-- We want to match antever etc. but not absolver, atrever etc. No way to avoid listing each verb.
match = match_against_verbs("ver", {"ante", "entre", "pre", "^re", "^"}),
forms = {
pres_2s = "vês", pres_3s = "vê",
pres_2p = "vedes", pres_3p = {"veem", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "vêem"},
pres1_and_sub = "vej",
pret = "ví", pret_1s = "vi", pret_3s = "viu", pret_conj = "irreg",
pp = "visto",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- [[prover]] and [[desprover]] have regular preterite and past participle
match = "prover",
forms = {
pres_2s = "provês", pres_3s = "provê",
pres_2p = "provedes", pres_3p = {"proveem", VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "provêem"},
pres1_and_sub = "provej",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- Only envolver, revolver. Not volver, desenvolver, devolver, evolver, etc.
match = match_against_verbs("volver", {"^en", "^re"}),
forms = {short_pp = "volto"},
},
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -ir --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Verbs not needing entries here:
--
-- abolir: per Priberam: <no_pres1_and_sub> for Brazil, use <u-o> for Portugal
-- barrir: use <only3sp>
-- carpir, colorir, demolir: use <no_pres1_and_sub>
-- descolorir: per Priberam: <no_pres_stressed> for Brazil, use <no_pres1_and_sub> for Portugal
-- delir, espavorir, falir, florir, remir, renhir: use <no_pres_stressed>
-- empedernir: per Priberam: <no_pres_stressed> for Brazil, use <i-e> for Portugal
-- transir: per Priberam: <no_pres_stressed> for Brazil, regular for Portugal
-- aspergir, despir, flectir/deflectir/genuflectir/genufletir/reflectir/refletir, mentir/desmentir,
-- sentir/assentir/consentir/dissentir/pressentir/ressentir, convergir/divergir, aderir/adherir,
-- ferir/auferir/conferir/deferir/desferir/diferir/differir/inferir/interferir/preferir/proferir/referir/transferir,
-- gerir/digerir/ingerir/sugerir, preterir, competir/repetir, servir, advertir/animadvertir/divertir,
-- vestir/investir/revestir/travestir, seguir/conseguir/desconseguir/desseguir/perseguir/prosseguir: use <i-e>
-- inerir: use <i-e> (per Infopédia, and per Priberam for Brazil), use <i-e.only3sp> (per Priberam for Portugal)
-- compelir/expelir/impelir/repelir: per Priberam: use <i-e> for Brazil, <no_pres1_and_sub> for Portugal (Infopédia
-- says <i-e>); NOTE: old module claims short_pp 'repulso' but none of Priberam, Infopédia and conjugacao.com.br agree
-- dormir, engolir, tossir, subir, acudir/sacudir, fugir, sumir/consumir (NOT assumir/presumir/resumir): use <u-o>
-- polir/repolir (claimed in old module to have no pres stressed, but Priberam disagrees for both Brazil and
-- Portugal; Infopédia lists repolir as completely regular and not like polir, but I think that's an error): use
-- <u>
-- premir: per Priberam: use <no_pres1_and_sub> for Brazil, <i> for Portugal (for Portugal, Priberam says
-- primo/primes/prime, while Infopédia says primo/premes/preme; Priberam is probably more reliable)
-- extorquir/retorquir use <no_pres1_and_sub> for Brazil, <u-o,u> for Portugal
-- agredir/progredir/regredir/transgredir: use <i>
-- denegrir, prevenir: use <i>
-- eclodir: per Priberam: regular in Brazil, <u-o.only3sp> in Portugal (Infopédia says regular)
-- cerzir: per Priberam: use <i> for Brazil, use <i-e> for Portugal (Infopédia says <i-e,i>)
-- cergir: per Priberam: use <i-e> for Brazil, no conjugation given for Portugal (Infopédia says <i-e>)
-- proibir/coibir: use <í>
-- reunir: use <ú>
-- parir/malparir: use <no_pres_stressed> (old module had pres_1s = {paro (1_defective), pairo (1_obsolete_alt)},
-- pres_2s = pares, pres_3s = pare, and subjunctive stem par- or pair-, but both Priberam and Infopédia agree
-- in these verbs being no_pres_stressed)
-- explodir/implodir: use <u-o> (claimed in old module to be <+,u-o> but neither Priberam nor Infopédia agree)
--
-- -cir alternations (aducir, ressarcir): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
-- -gir alternations (agir, dirigir, exigir): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
-- -guir alternations (e.g. conseguir): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
-- -quir alternations (e.g. extorquir): automatically handled in combine_stem_ending()
{
-- verbs in -air (cair, sair, trair and derivatives: decair/descair/recair, sobres(s)air,
-- abstrair/atrair/contrair/distrair/extrair/protrair/retrair/subtrair)
match = "air",
forms = {
pres1_and_sub = "ai", pres_2s = "ais", pres_3s = "ai",
-- all occurrences of accented í in endings handled in combine_stem_ending()
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- abrir/desabrir/reabrir
match = "abrir",
forms = {pp = "aberto"}
},
{
-- cobrir/descobrir/encobrir/recobrir/redescobrir
match = "cobrir",
forms = {vowel_alt = "u-o", pp = "coberto"}
},
{
-- conduzir, produzir, reduzir, traduzir, etc.; luzir, reluzir, tremeluzir
match = "uzir",
forms = {
pres_3s = "uz",
imp_2s = {"uz", "uze"}, -- per Infopédia
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- pedir, desimpedir, despedir, espedir, expedir, impedir
-- medir
-- comedir (per Priberam, no_pres_stressed in Brazil)
match = match_against_verbs("edir", {"m", "p"}),
forms = {
pres1_and_sub = "eç",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- frigir
match = "frigir",
forms = {vowel_alt = "i-e", short_pp = "frito"},
},
{
-- inserir
match = "inserir",
forms = {vowel_alt = "i-e", short_pp = {form = "inserto", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese only]"}}},
},
{
-- ir
match = "^ir",
forms = {
pres_1s = "vou", pres_2s = "vais", pres_3s = "vai",
pres_1p = "vamos", pres_2p = "ides", pres_3p = "vão",
pres_sub_1s = "vá", pres_sub_2s = "vás", pres_sub_3s = "vá",
pres_sub_1p = "vamos", pres_sub_2p = "vades", pres_sub_3p = "vão",
pret = "fô", pret_1s = "fui", pret_3s = "foi", pret_conj = "irreg",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- emergir, imergir, submergir
match = "mergir",
forms = {vowel_alt = {"i-e", "+"}, short_pp = "merso"},
},
{
match = "ouvir",
forms = {
pres1_and_sub = {"ouç", "oiç"},
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- exprimir, imprimir, comprimir (but not descomprimir per Priberam), deprimir, oprimir/opprimir (but not reprimir,
-- suprimir/supprimir per Priberam)
match = match_against_verbs("primir", {"^com", "ex", "im", "de", "^o", "op"}),
forms = {short_pp = "presso"}
},
{
-- rir, sorrir
match = match_against_verbs("rir", {"^", "sor"}),
forms = {
pres_2s = "ris", pres_3s = "ri", pres_2p = "rides", pres_3p = "riem",
pres1_and_sub = "ri",
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- distinguir, extinguir
match = "tinguir",
forms = {
short_pp = "tinto",
-- gu/g alternations handled in combine_stem_ending()
}
},
{
-- delinquir, arguir/redarguir
-- NOTE: The following is based on delinquir, with arguir/redarguir by parallelism.
-- In Priberam, delinquir and arguir are exactly parallel, but in Infopédia they aren't; only delinquir has
-- alternatives like 'delínques'. I assume this is because forms like 'delínques' are Brazilian and
-- Infopédia is from Portugal, so their coverage of Brazilian forms may be inconsistent.
match = match_against_verbs("uir", {"delinq", "arg"}),
forms = {
-- use 'ü' because we're in a front environment; if we use 'u', we'll get '#delinco', '#argo'
pres1_and_sub = {{form = AC .. "ü", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}, {form = "ü", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}}},
-- FIXME: verify. This is by partial parallelism with the present subjunctive of verbs in -quar (also a
-- front environment). Infopédia has 'delinquis ou delínques' and Priberam has 'delinqúis'.
pres_2s = {
{form = AC .. "ues", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = "uis", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
-- This form should occur only with an infinitive 'delinqüir' etc.
-- {form = AC .. VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "ües", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "úis", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
},
-- Same as previous.
pres_3s = {
{form = AC .. "ue", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = "ui", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
-- This form should occur only with an infinitive 'delinqüir' etc.
-- {form = AC .. VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "üe", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "úi", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
},
-- Infopédia has 'delinquem ou delínquem' and Priberam has 'delinqúem'.
pres_3p = {
{form = AC .. "uem", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = "uem", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
-- This form should occur only with an infinitive 'delinqüir' etc.
-- {form = AC .. VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "üem", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}},
{form = VAR_SUPERSEDED .. "úem", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}},
},
-- FIXME: The old module also had several other alternative forms (given as [123]_alt, not identified as
-- obsolete):
-- impf: delinquia/delinquía, delinquias/delinquías, delinquia/delinquía, delinquíamos, delinquíeis, delinquiam/delinquíam
-- plup: delinquira/delinquíra, delinquiras/delinquíras, delinquira/delinquíra, delinquíramos, delinquíreis, delinquiram/delinquíram
-- pres_1p = delinquimos/delinquímos, pres_2p = delinquis/delinquís
-- pret = delinqui/delinquí, delinquiste/delinquíste, delinquiu, delinquimos/delinquímos, delinquistes/delinquístes, delinquiram/delinquíram
-- pers_inf = delinquir, delinquires, delinquir, delinquirmos, delinquirdes, delinquirem/delinquírem
-- fut_sub = delinquir, delinquires, delinquir, delinquirmos, delinquirdes, delinquirem/delinquírem
--
-- None of these alternative forms can be found in the Infopédia, Priberam, Collins or Reverso conjugation
-- tables, so their status is unclear, and I have omitted them.
}
},
{
-- verbs in -truir (construir, destruir, reconstruir) but not obstruir/desobstruir, instruir, which are handled
-- by the default -uir handler below
match = match_against_verbs("struir", {"con", "de"}),
forms = {
pres_2s = {"stróis", "struis"}, pres_3s = {"strói", "strui"}, pres_3p = {"stroem", "struem"},
-- all occurrences of accented í in endings handled in combine_stem_ending()
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- verbs in -cluir (concluir, excluir, incluir): like -uir but has short_pp concluso etc. in Brazil
match = "cluir",
forms = {
pres_2s = "cluis", pres_3s = "clui",
-- all occurrences of accented í in endings handled in combine_stem_ending()
short_pp = {form = "cluso", footnotes = {"[Brazil only]"}},
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- puir, ruir: like -uir but defective in pres_1s, all pres sub
match = match_against_verbs("uir", {"^p", "^r"}),
forms = {
pres_2s = "uis", pres_3s = "ui",
-- all occurrences of accented í in endings handled in combine_stem_ending()
no_pres1_and_sub = true,
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- remaining verbs in -uir (concluir/excluir/incluir/concruir/concruyr, abluir/diluir, afluir/fluir/influir,
-- aluir, anuir, atribuir/contribuir/distribuir/redistribuir/retribuir/substituir, coevoluir/evoluir,
-- constituir/destituir/instituir/reconstituir/restituir, derruir, diminuir, estatuir, fruir/usufruir, imbuir,
-- imiscuir, poluir, possuir, pruir
-- FIXME: old module lists short pp incluso for incluir that can't be verified, ask about this
-- FIXME: handle -uyr verbs?
match = function(verb)
-- Don't match -guir verbs (e.g. [[seguir]], [[conseguir]]) or -quir verbs (e.g. [[extorquir]])
if verb:find("guir$") or verb:find("quir$") then
return nil
else
return match_against_verbs("uir", {""})(verb)
end
end,
forms = {
pres_2s = "uis", pres_3s = "ui",
-- all occurrences of accented í in endings handled in combine_stem_ending()
irreg = true,
}
},
{
-- We want to match advir, convir, devir, etc. but not ouvir, servir, etc. No way to avoid listing each verb.
match = match_against_verbs("vir", {"ad", "^a", "con", "contra", "de", "^desa", "inter", "pro", "^re", "sobre", "^"}),
forms = {
pres_2s = function(base, prefix) return prefix == "" and "vens" or "véns" end,
pres_3s = function(base, prefix) return prefix == "" and "vem" or "vém" end,
pres_2p = "vindes", pres_3p = "vêm",
pres1_and_sub = "venh",
full_impf = "vinh", impf_1p = "vínhamos", impf_2p = "vínheis",
pret = "vié", pret_1s = "vim", pret_3s = "veio", pret_conj = "irreg",
pp = "vindo",
irreg = true,
}
},
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- misc --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
-- pôr, antepor, apor, compor/decompor/descompor, contrapor, depor, dispor, expor, impor, interpor, justapor,
-- opor, pospor, propor, repor, sobrepor, supor/pressupor, transpor, superseded forms like [[decompôr]], others?
match = "p[oô]r",
forms = {
pres1_and_sub = "ponh",
pres_2s = "pões", pres_3s = "põe", pres_1p = "pomos", pres_2p = "pondes", pres_3p = "põem",
full_impf = "punh", impf_1p = "púnhamos", impf_2p = "púnheis",
pret = "pusé", pret_1s = "pus", pret_3s = "pôs", pret_conj = "irreg",
pers_inf = "po",
gerund = "pondo", pp = "posto",
irreg = true,
}
},
}
local function skip_slot(base, slot, allow_overrides)
if not allow_overrides and (base.basic_overrides[slot] or
base.refl and base.basic_reflexive_only_overrides[slot]) then
-- Skip any slots for which there are overrides.
return true
end
if base.only3s and (slot:find("^pp_f") or slot:find("^pp_mp")) then
-- diluviar, atardecer, neviscar; impersonal verbs have only masc sing pp
return true
end
if not slot:find("[123]") then
-- Don't skip non-personal slots.
return false
end
if base.nofinite then
return true
end
if (base.only3s or base.only3sp or base.only3p) and (slot:find("^imp_") or slot:find("^neg_imp_")) then
return true
end
if base.only3s and not slot:find("3s") then
-- diluviar, atardecer, neviscar
return true
end
if base.only3sp and not slot:find("3[sp]") then
-- atañer, concernir
return true
end
if base.only3p and not slot:find("3p") then
-- [[caer cuatro gotas]], [[caer chuzos de punta]], [[entrarle los siete males]]
return true
end
return false
end
-- Apply vowel alternations to stem.
local function apply_vowel_alternations(stem, alternations)
local alternation_stems = {}
local saw_pres1_and_sub = false
local saw_pres_stressed = false
-- Process alternations other than +.
for _, altobj in ipairs(alternations) do
local alt = altobj.form
local pres1_and_sub, pres_stressed, err
-- Treat final -gu, -qu as a consonant, so the previous vowel can alternate (e.g. conseguir -> consigo).
-- This means a verb in -guar can't have a u-ú alternation but I don't think there are any verbs like that.
stem = rsub(stem, "([gq])u$", "%1" .. TEMPC1)
if alt == "+" then
-- do nothing yet
elseif alt == "ei" then
local before_last_vowel = rmatch(stem, "^(.*)i$")
if not before_last_vowel then
err = "stem should end in -i"
else
pres1_and_sub = nil
pres_stressed = before_last_vowel .. "ei"
end
else
local before_last_vowel, last_vowel, after_last_vowel = rmatch(stem, "^(.*)(" .. V .. ")(.-[ui])$")
if not before_last_vowel then
before_last_vowel, last_vowel, after_last_vowel = rmatch(stem, "^(.*)(" .. V .. ")(.-)$")
end
if alt == "i-e" then
if last_vowel == "e" or last_vowel == "i" then
pres1_and_sub = before_last_vowel .. "i" .. after_last_vowel
if last_vowel == "i" then
pres_stressed = before_last_vowel .. "e" .. after_last_vowel
end
else
err = "should have -e- or -i- as the last vowel"
end
elseif alt == "i" then
if last_vowel == "e" then
pres1_and_sub = before_last_vowel .. "i" .. after_last_vowel
pres_stressed = pres1_and_sub
else
err = "should have -e- as the last vowel"
end
elseif alt == "u-o" then
if last_vowel == "o" or last_vowel == "u" then
pres1_and_sub = before_last_vowel .. "u" .. after_last_vowel
if last_vowel == "u" then
pres_stressed = before_last_vowel .. "o" .. after_last_vowel
end
else
err = "should have -o- or -u- as the last vowel"
end
elseif alt == "u" then
if last_vowel == "o" then
pres1_and_sub = before_last_vowel .. "u" .. after_last_vowel
pres_stressed = pres1_and_sub
else
err = "should have -o- as the last vowel"
end
elseif alt == "í" then
if last_vowel == "i" then
pres_stressed = before_last_vowel .. "í" .. after_last_vowel
else
err = "should have -i- as the last vowel"
end
elseif alt == "ú" then
if last_vowel == "u" then
pres_stressed = before_last_vowel .. "ú" .. after_last_vowel
else
err = "should have -u- as the last vowel"
end
else
error("Internal error: Unrecognized vowel alternation '" .. alt .. "'")
end
end
if pres1_and_sub then
pres1_and_sub = {form = pres1_and_sub:gsub(TEMPC1, "u"), footnotes = altobj.footnotes}
saw_pres1_and_sub = true
end
if pres_stressed then
pres_stressed = {form = pres_stressed:gsub(TEMPC1, "u"), footnotes = altobj.footnotes}
saw_pres_stressed = true
end
table.insert(alternation_stems, {
altobj = altobj,
pres1_and_sub = pres1_and_sub,
pres_stressed = pres_stressed,
err = err
})
end
-- Now do +. We check to see which stems are used by other alternations and specify those so any footnotes are
-- properly attached.
for _, alternation_stem in ipairs(alternation_stems) do
if alternation_stem.altobj.form == "+" then
local stemobj = {form = stem, footnotes = alternation_stem.altobj.footnotes}
alternation_stem.pres1_and_sub = saw_pres1_and_sub and stemobj or nil
alternation_stem.pres_stressed = saw_pres_stressed and stemobj or nil
end
end
return alternation_stems
end
-- Add the `stem` to the `ending` for the given `slot` and apply any phonetic modifications.
-- WARNING: This function is written very carefully; changes to it can easily have unintended consequences.
local function combine_stem_ending(base, slot, prefix, stem, ending, dont_include_prefix)
-- If the stem begins with an acute accent, this is a signal to move the accent onto the last vowel of the prefix.
-- Cf. míngua of minguar.
if stem:find("^" .. AC) then
stem = rsub(stem, "^" .. AC, "")
if dont_include_prefix then
error("Internal error: Can't handle acute accent at beginning of stem if dont_include_prefix is given")
end
prefix = rsub(prefix, "([aeiouyAEIOUY])([^aeiouyAEIOUY]*)$", "%1" .. AC .. "%2")
end
-- Use the full stem for checking for -gui ending and such, because 'stem' is just 'u' for [[arguir]],
-- [[delinquir]].
local full_stem = prefix .. stem
-- Include the prefix in the stem unless dont_include_prefix is given (used for the past participle stem).
if not dont_include_prefix then
stem = prefix .. stem
end
-- If the ending begins with a double asterisk, this is a signal to conditionally delete the accent on the last letter
-- of the stem. "Conditionally" means we don't do it if the last two letters would form a diphthong without the accent
-- on the second one (e.g. in [[sair]], with stem 'saí'); but as an exception, we do delete the accent in stems
-- ending in -guí, -quí (e.g. in [[conseguir]]) because in this case the ui isn't a diphthong.
if ending:find("^%*%*") then
ending = rsub(ending, "^%*%*", "")
if rfind(full_stem, "[gq]uí$") or not rfind(full_stem, V .. "[íú]$") then
stem = remove_final_accent(stem)
end
end
-- If the ending begins with an asterisk, this is a signal to delete the accent on the last letter of the stem.
-- E.g. fizé -> fizermos. Unlike for **, this removal is unconditional, so we get e.g. 'sairmos' not #'saírmos'.
if ending:find("^%*") then
ending = rsub(ending, "^%*", "")
stem = remove_final_accent(stem)
end
-- If ending begins with i, it must get an accent after an unstressed vowel (in some but not all cases) to prevent
-- the two merging into a diphthong:
-- * cair ->
-- * pres: caímos, caís;
-- * impf: all forms (caí-);
-- * pret: caí, caíste (but not caiu), caímos, caístes, caíram;
-- * plup: all forms (caír-);
-- * impf_sub: all forms (caíss-);
-- * fut_sub: caíres, caírem (but not cair, cairmos, cairdes)
-- * pp: caído (but not gerund caindo)
-- * atribuir, other verbs in -uir -> same pattern as for cair etc.
-- * roer ->
-- * pret: roí
-- * impf: all forms (roí-)
-- * pp: roído
if ending:find("^i") and full_stem:find("[aeiou]$") and not full_stem:find("[gq]u$") and ending ~= "ir" and
ending ~= "iu" and ending ~= "indo" and not ending:find("^ir[md]") then
ending = ending:gsub("^i", "í")
end
-- Spelling changes in the stem; it depends on whether the stem given is the pre-front-vowel or
-- pre-back-vowel variant, as indicated by `frontback`. We want these front-back spelling changes to happen
-- between stem and ending, not between prefix and stem; the prefix may not have the same "front/backness"
-- as the stem.
local is_front = rfind(ending, "^[eiéíê]")
if base.frontback == "front" and not is_front then
stem = stem:gsub("c$", "ç") -- conhecer -> conheço, vencer -> venço, descer -> desço
stem = stem:gsub("g$", "j") -- proteger -> protejo, fugir -> fujo
stem = stem:gsub("gu$", "g") -- distinguir -> distingo, conseguir -> consigo
stem = stem:gsub("qu$", "c") -- extorquir -> exturco
stem = stem:gsub("([gq])ü$", "%1u") -- argüir (superseded) -> arguo, delinqüir (superseded) -> delinquo
elseif base.frontback == "back" and is_front then
-- The following changes are all superseded so we don't do them:
-- averiguar -> averigüei, minguar -> mingüei; antiquar -> antiqüei, apropinquar -> apropinqüei
-- stem = stem:gsub("([gq])u$", "%1ü")
stem = stem:gsub("g$", "gu") -- cargar -> carguei, apagar -> apaguei
stem = stem:gsub("c$", "qu") -- marcar -> marquei
stem = stem:gsub("ç$", "c") -- começar -> comecei
-- j does not go to g here; desejar -> deseje not #desege
end
return stem .. ending
end
local function add3(base, slot, stems, endings, footnotes, allow_overrides)
if skip_slot(base, slot, allow_overrides) then
return
end
local function do_combine_stem_ending(stem, ending)
return combine_stem_ending(base, slot, base.prefix, stem, ending)
end
iut.add_forms(base.forms, slot, stems, endings, do_combine_stem_ending, nil, nil, footnotes)
end
local function insert_form(base, slot, form)
if not skip_slot(base, slot) then
iut.insert_form(base.forms, slot, form)
end
end
local function insert_forms(base, slot, forms)
if not skip_slot(base, slot) then
iut.insert_forms(base.forms, slot, forms)
end
end
local function add_single_stem_tense(base, slot_pref, stems, s1, s2, s3, p1, p2, p3)
local function addit(slot, ending)
add3(base, slot_pref .. "_" .. slot, stems, ending)
end
addit("1s", s1)
addit("2s", s2)
addit("3s", s3)
addit("1p", p1)
addit("2p", p2)
addit("3p", p3)
end
local function construct_stems(base, vowel_alt)
local stems = {}
stems.pres_unstressed = base.stems.pres_unstressed or base.inf_stem
stems.pres_stressed =
-- If no_pres_stressed given, pres_stressed stem should be empty so no forms are generated.
base.no_pres_stressed and {} or
base.stems.pres_stressed or
vowel_alt.pres_stressed or
base.inf_stem
stems.pres1_and_sub =
-- If no_pres_stressed given, the entire subjunctive is missing.
base.no_pres_stressed and {} or
-- If no_pres1_and_sub given, pres1 and entire subjunctive are missing.
base.no_pres1_and_sub and {} or
base.stems.pres1_and_sub or
vowel_alt.pres1_and_sub or
nil
stems.pres1 = base.stems.pres1 or stems.pres1_and_sub or stems.pres_stressed
stems.impf = base.stems.impf or base.inf_stem
stems.full_impf = base.stems.full_impf
stems.pret_base = base.stems.pret_base or base.inf_stem
stems.pret = base.stems.pret or iut.map_forms(iut.convert_to_general_list_form(stems.pret_base), function(form)
return form .. base.conj_vowel end)
stems.pret_conj = base.stems.pret_conj or base.conj
stems.fut = base.stems.fut or base.inf_stem .. base.conj
stems.cond = base.stems.cond or stems.fut
stems.pres_sub_stressed = base.stems.pres_sub_stressed or stems.pres1
stems.pres_sub_unstressed = base.stems.pres_sub_unstressed or stems.pres1_and_sub or stems.pres_unstressed
stems.sub_conj = base.stems.sub_conj or base.conj
stems.plup = base.stems.plup or stems.pret
stems.impf_sub = base.stems.impf_sub or stems.pret
stems.fut_sub = base.stems.fut_sub or stems.pret
stems.pers_inf = base.stems.pers_inf or base.inf_stem .. base.conj_vowel
stems.pp = base.stems.pp or base.conj == "ar" and
combine_stem_ending(base, "pp_ms", base.prefix, base.inf_stem, "ado", "dont include prefix") or
-- use combine_stem_ending esp. so we get roído, caído, etc.
combine_stem_ending(base, "pp_ms", base.prefix, base.inf_stem, "ido", "dont include prefix")
stems.pp_ms = stems.pp
local function masc_to_fem(form)
if rfind(form, "o$") then
return rsub(form, "o$", "a")
else
return form
end
end
stems.pp_fs = iut.map_forms(iut.convert_to_general_list_form(stems.pp_ms), masc_to_fem)
if base.stems.short_pp then
stems.short_pp_ms = base.stems.short_pp
stems.short_pp_fs = iut.map_forms(iut.convert_to_general_list_form(stems.short_pp_ms), masc_to_fem)
end
base.this_stems = stems
end
local function add_present_indic(base)
local stems = base.this_stems
local function addit(slot, stems, ending)
add3(base, "pres_" .. slot, stems, ending)
end
local s2, s3, p1, p2, p3
if base.conj == "ar" then
s2, s3, p1, p2, p3 = "as", "a", "amos", "ais", "am"
elseif base.conj == "er" or base.conj == "or" then -- verbs in -por have the present overridden
s2, s3, p1, p2, p3 = "es", "e", "emos", "eis", "em"
elseif base.conj == "ir" then
s2, s3, p1, p2, p3 = "es", "e", "imos", "is", "em"
else
error("Internal error: Unrecognized conjugation " .. base.conj)
end
addit("1s", stems.pres1, "o")
addit("2s", stems.pres_stressed, s2)
addit("3s", stems.pres_stressed, s3)
addit("1p", stems.pres_unstressed, p1)
addit("2p", stems.pres_unstressed, p2)
addit("3p", stems.pres_stressed, p3)
end
local function add_present_subj(base)
local stems = base.this_stems
local function addit(slot, stems, ending)
add3(base, "pres_sub_" .. slot, stems, ending)
end
local s1, s2, s3, p1, p2, p3
if stems.sub_conj == "ar" then
s1, s2, s3, p1, p2, p3 = "e", "es", "e", "emos", "eis", "em"
else
s1, s2, s3, p1, p2, p3 = "a", "as", "a", "amos", "ais", "am"
end
addit("1s", stems.pres_sub_stressed, s1)
addit("2s", stems.pres_sub_stressed, s2)
addit("3s", stems.pres_sub_stressed, s3)
addit("1p", stems.pres_sub_unstressed, p1)
addit("2p", stems.pres_sub_unstressed, p2)
addit("3p", stems.pres_sub_stressed, p3)
end
local function add_finite_non_present(base)
local stems = base.this_stems
local function add_tense(slot, stem, s1, s2, s3, p1, p2, p3)
add_single_stem_tense(base, slot, stem, s1, s2, s3, p1, p2, p3)
end
if stems.full_impf then
-- An override needs to be supplied for the impf_1p and impf_2p due to the written accent on the stem.
add_tense("impf", stems.full_impf, "a", "as", "a", {}, {}, "am")
elseif base.conj == "ar" then
add_tense("impf", stems.impf, "ava", "avas", "ava", "ávamos", "áveis", "avam")
else
add_tense("impf", stems.impf, "ia", "ias", "ia", "íamos", "íeis", "iam")
end
-- * at the beginning of the ending means to remove a final accent from the preterite stem.
if stems.pret_conj == "irreg" then
add_tense("pret", stems.pret, {}, "*ste", {}, "*mos", "*stes", "*ram")
elseif stems.pret_conj == "ar" then
add_tense("pret", stems.pret_base, "ei", "aste", "ou",
{{form = VAR_BR .. "amos", footnotes = {"[Brazilian Portuguese]"}}, {form = VAR_PT .. "ámos", footnotes = {"[European Portuguese]"}}}, "astes", "aram")
elseif stems.pret_conj == "er" then
add_tense("pret", stems.pret_base, "i", "este", "eu", "emos", "estes", "eram")
else
add_tense("pret", stems.pret_base, "i", "iste", "iu", "imos", "istes", "iram")
end
-- * at the beginning of the ending means to remove a final accent from the stem.
-- ** is similar but is "conditional" on a consonant preceding the final vowel.
add_tense("plup", stems.plup, "**ra", "**ras", "**ra", "ramos", "reis", "**ram")
add_tense("impf_sub", stems.impf_sub, "**sse", "**sses", "**sse", "ssemos", "sseis", "**ssem")
add_tense("fut_sub", stems.fut_sub, "*r", "**res", "*r", "*rmos", "*rdes", "**rem")
local mark = TEMP_MESOCLITIC_INSERTION_POINT
add_tense("fut", stems.fut, mark .. "ei", mark .. "ás", mark .. "á", mark .. "emos", mark .. "eis", mark .. "ão")
add_tense("cond", stems.cond, mark .. "ia", mark .. "ias", mark .. "ia", mark .. "íamos", mark .. "íeis", mark .. "iam")
-- Different stems for different parts of the personal infinitive to correctly handle forms of [[sair]] and [[pôr]].
add_tense("pers_inf", base.non_prefixed_verb, "", {}, "", {}, {}, {})
add_tense("pers_inf", stems.pers_inf, {}, "**res", {}, "*rmos", "*rdes", "**rem")
end
local function add_non_finite_forms(base)
local stems = base.this_stems
local function addit(slot, stems, ending, footnotes)
add3(base, slot, stems, ending, footnotes)
end
insert_form(base, "infinitive", {form = base.verb})
-- Also insert "infinitive + reflexive pronoun" combinations if we're handling a reflexive verb. See comment below for
-- "gerund + reflexive pronoun" combinations.
if base.refl then
for _, persnum in ipairs(person_number_list) do
insert_form(base, "infinitive_" .. persnum, {form = base.verb})
end
end
-- verbs in -por have the gerund overridden
local ger_ending = base.conj == "ar" and "ando" or base.conj == "er" and "endo" or "indo"
addit("gerund", stems.pres_unstressed, ger_ending)
-- Also insert "gerund + reflexive pronoun" combinations if we're handling a reflexive verb. We insert exactly the same
-- form as for the bare gerund; later on in add_reflexive_or_fixed_clitic_to_forms(), we add the appropriate clitic
-- pronouns. It's important not to do this for non-reflexive verbs, because in that case, the clitic pronouns won't be
-- added, and {{pt-verb form of}} will wrongly consider all these combinations as possible inflections of the bare
-- gerund. Thanks to [[User:JeffDoozan]] for this bug fix.
if base.refl then
for _, persnum in ipairs(person_number_list) do
addit("gerund_" .. persnum, stems.pres_unstressed, ger_ending)
end
end
-- Skip the long/short past participle footnotes if called from {{pt-verb}} so they don't show in the headword.
local long_pp_footnotes =
stems.short_pp_ms and base.alternant_multiword_spec.source_template ~= "pt-verb" and {long_pp_footnote} or nil
addit("pp_ms", stems.pp_ms, "", long_pp_footnotes)
if not base.pp_inv then
addit("pp_fs", stems.pp_fs, "", long_pp_footnotes)
addit("pp_mp", stems.pp_ms, "s", long_pp_footnotes)
addit("pp_fp", stems.pp_fs, "s", long_pp_footnotes)
end
if stems.short_pp_ms then
local short_pp_footnotes =
stems.short_pp_ms and base.alternant_multiword_spec.source_template ~= "pt-verb" and {short_pp_footnote} or nil
addit("short_pp_ms", stems.short_pp_ms, "", short_pp_footnotes)
if not base.pp_inv then
addit("short_pp_fs", stems.short_pp_fs, "", short_pp_footnotes)
addit("short_pp_mp", stems.short_pp_ms, "s", short_pp_footnotes)
addit("short_pp_fp", stems.short_pp_fs, "s", short_pp_footnotes)
end
end
end
local function copy_forms_to_imperatives(base)
-- Copy pres3s to imperative since they are almost always the same.
insert_forms(base, "imp_2s", iut.map_forms(base.forms.pres_3s, function(form) return form end))
if not skip_slot(base, "imp_2p") then
-- Copy pres2p to imperative 2p minus -s since they are almost always the same.
-- But not if there's an override, to avoid possibly throwing an error.
insert_forms(base, "imp_2p", iut.map_forms(base.forms.pres_2p, function(form)
if not form:find("s$") then
error("Can't derive second-person plural imperative from second-person plural present indicative " ..
"because form '" .. form .. "' doesn't end in -s")
end
return rsub(form, "s$", "")
end))
end
-- Copy subjunctives to imperatives, unless there's an override for the given slot (as with the imp_1p of [[ir]]).
for _, persnum in ipairs({"3s", "1p", "3p"}) do
local from = "pres_sub_" .. persnum
local to = "imp_" .. persnum
insert_forms(base, to, iut.map_forms(base.forms[from], function(form) return form end))
end
end
local function process_slot_overrides(base, filter_slot, reflexive_only)
local overrides = reflexive_only and base.basic_reflexive_only_overrides or base.basic_overrides
for slot, forms in pairs(overrides) do
if not filter_slot or filter_slot(slot) then
add3(base, slot, forms, "", nil, "allow overrides")
end
end
end
-- Prefix `form` with `clitic`, adding fixed text `between` between them. Add links as appropriate unless the user
-- requested no links. Check whether form already has brackets (as will be the case if the form has a fixed clitic).
local function prefix_clitic_to_form(base, clitic, between, form)
if base.alternant_multiword_spec.args.noautolinkverb then
return clitic .. between .. form
else
local clitic_pref = "[[" .. clitic .. "]]" .. between
if form:find("%[%[") then
return clitic_pref .. form
else
return clitic_pref .. "[[" .. form .. "]]"
end
end
end
-- Add the appropriate clitic pronouns in `clitics` to the forms in `base_slot`. `store_cliticized_form` is a function
-- of three arguments (clitic, formobj, cliticized_form) and should store the cliticized form for the specified clitic
-- and form object.
local function suffix_clitic_to_forms(base, base_slot, clitics, store_cliticized_form)
if not base.forms[base_slot] then
-- This can happen, e.g. in only3s/only3sp/only3p verbs.
return
end
local autolink = not base.alternant_multiword_spec.args.noautolinkverb
for _, formobj in ipairs(base.forms[base_slot]) do
for _, clitic in ipairs(clitics) do
local cliticized_form
if formobj.form:find(TEMP_MESOCLITIC_INSERTION_POINT) then
-- mesoclisis in future and conditional
local infinitive, suffix = rmatch(formobj.form, "^(.*)" .. TEMP_MESOCLITIC_INSERTION_POINT .. "(.*)$")
if not infinitive then
error("Internal error: Can't find mesoclitic insertion point in slot '" .. base_slot .. "', form '" ..
formobj.form .. "'")
end
local full_form = infinitive .. suffix
if autolink and not infinitive:find("%[%[") then
infinitive = "[[" .. infinitive .. "]]"
end
cliticized_form =
autolink and infinitive .. "-[[" .. clitic .. "]]-[[" .. full_form .. "|" .. suffix .. "]]" or
infinitive .. "-" .. clitic .. "-" .. suffix
else
local clitic_suffix = autolink and "-[[" .. clitic .. "]]" or "-" .. clitic
local form_needs_link = autolink and not formobj.form:find("%[%[")
if base_slot:find("1p$") then
-- Final -s disappears: esbaldávamos + nos -> esbaldávamo-nos, etc.
cliticized_form = formobj.form:gsub("s$", "")
if form_needs_link then
cliticized_form = "[[" .. formobj.form .. "|" .. cliticized_form .. "]]"
end
else
cliticized_form = formobj.form
if form_needs_link then
cliticized_form = "[[" .. cliticized_form .. "]]"
end
end
cliticized_form = cliticized_form .. clitic_suffix
end
store_cliticized_form(clitic, formobj, cliticized_form)
end
end
end
-- Add a reflexive pronoun or fixed clitic (FIXME: not working), as appropriate to the base forms that were generated.
-- `do_joined` means to do only the forms where the pronoun is joined to the end of the form; otherwise, do only the
-- forms where it is not joined and precedes the form.
local function add_reflexive_or_fixed_clitic_to_forms(base, do_reflexive, do_joined)
for _, slotaccel in ipairs(base.alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic) do
local slot, accel = unpack(slotaccel)
local clitic
if not do_reflexive then
clitic = base.clitic
elseif slot:find("[123]") then
local persnum = slot:match("^.*_(.-)$")
clitic = person_number_to_reflexive_pronoun[persnum]
else
clitic = "se"
end
if base.forms[slot] then
if do_reflexive and slot:find("^pp_") or slot == "infinitive_linked" then
-- do nothing with reflexive past participles or with infinitive linked (handled at the end)
elseif slot:find("^neg_imp_") then
error("Internal error: Should not have forms set for negative imperative at this stage")
else
local slot_has_suffixed_clitic = not slot:find("_sub")
-- Maybe generate non-reflexive parts and separated syntactic variants for use in {{pt-verb form of}}.
-- See comment in add_slots() above `need_special_verb_form_of_slots`. Check for do_joined so we only
-- run this code once.
if do_reflexive and do_joined and base.alternant_multiword_spec.source_template == "pt-verb form of" and
-- Skip personal variants of infinitives and gerunds so we don't think [[esbaldando]] is a
-- non-reflexive equivalent of [[esbaldando-me]].
not slot:find("infinitive_") and not slot:find("gerund_") then
-- Clone the forms because we will be destructively modifying them just below, adding the reflexive
-- pronoun.
insert_forms(base, slot .. "_non_reflexive", mw.clone(base.forms[slot]))
if slot_has_suffixed_clitic then
insert_forms(base, slot .. "_variant", iut.map_forms(base.forms[slot], function(form)
return prefix_clitic_to_form(base, clitic, " ... ", form)
end))
end
end
if slot_has_suffixed_clitic then
if do_joined then
suffix_clitic_to_forms(base, slot, {clitic},
function(clitic, formobj, cliticized_form)
formobj.form = cliticized_form
end
)
end
elseif not do_joined then
-- Add clitic as separate word before all other forms.
for _, form in ipairs(base.forms[slot]) do
form.form = prefix_clitic_to_form(base, clitic, " ", form.form)
end
end
end
end
end
end
local function handle_infinitive_linked(base)
-- Compute linked versions of potential lemma slots, for use in {{pt-verb}}.
-- We substitute the original lemma (before removing links) for forms that
-- are the same as the lemma, if the original lemma has links.
for _, slot in ipairs({"infinitive"}) do
insert_forms(base, slot .. "_linked", iut.map_forms(base.forms[slot], function(form)
if form == base.lemma and rfind(base.linked_lemma, "%[%[") then
return base.linked_lemma
else
return form
end
end))
end
end
local function generate_negative_imperatives(base)
-- Copy subjunctives to negative imperatives, preceded by "não".
for _, persnum in ipairs(neg_imp_person_number_list) do
local from = "pres_sub_" .. persnum
local to = "neg_imp_" .. persnum
insert_forms(base, to, iut.map_forms(base.forms[from], function(form)
if base.alternant_multiword_spec.args.noautolinkverb then
return "não " .. form
elseif form:find("%[%[") then
-- already linked, e.g. when reflexive
return "[[não]] " .. form
else
return "[[não]] [[" .. form .. "]]"
end
end))
end
end
-- Process specs given by the user using 'addnote[SLOTSPEC][FOOTNOTE][FOOTNOTE][...]'.
local function process_addnote_specs(base)
for _, spec in ipairs(base.addnote_specs) do
for _, slot_spec in ipairs(spec.slot_specs) do
slot_spec = "^" .. slot_spec .. "$"
for slot, forms in pairs(base.forms) do
if rfind(slot, slot_spec) then
-- To save on memory, side-effect the existing forms.
for _, form in ipairs(forms) do
form.footnotes = iut.combine_footnotes(form.footnotes, spec.footnotes)
end
end
end
end
end
end
local function add_missing_links_to_forms(base)
-- Any forms without links should get them now. Redundant ones will be stripped later.
for slot, forms in pairs(base.forms) do
for _, form in ipairs(forms) do
if not form.form:find("%[%[") then
form.form = "[[" .. form.form .. "]]"
end
end
end
end
-- Remove special characters added to future and conditional forms to indicate mesoclitic insertion points.
local function remove_mesoclitic_insertion_points(base)
for slot, forms in pairs(base.forms) do
if slot:find("^fut_") or slot:find("^cond_") then
for _, form in ipairs(forms) do
form.form = form.form:gsub(TEMP_MESOCLITIC_INSERTION_POINT, "")
end
end
end
end
-- If called from {{pt-verb}}, remove superseded forms; otherwise add a footnote indicating they are superseded.
local function process_superseded_forms(base)
if base.alternant_multiword_spec.source_template == "pt-verb" then
for slot, forms in pairs(base.forms) do
-- As an optimization, check if there are any superseded forms and don't do anything if not.
local saw_superseded = false
for _, form in ipairs(forms) do
if form.form:find(VAR_SUPERSEDED) then
saw_superseded = true
break
end
end
if saw_superseded then
base.forms[slot] = iut.flatmap_forms(base.forms[slot], function(form)
if form:find(VAR_SUPERSEDED) then
return {}
else
return {form}
end
end)
end
end
else
for slot, forms in pairs(base.forms) do
for _, form in ipairs(forms) do
if form.form:find(VAR_SUPERSEDED) then
form.footnotes = iut.combine_footnotes(form.footnotes, {"[superseded]"})
end
end
end
end
end
local function conjugate_verb(base)
for _, vowel_alt in ipairs(base.vowel_alt_stems) do
construct_stems(base, vowel_alt)
add_present_indic(base)
add_present_subj(base)
end
add_finite_non_present(base)
add_non_finite_forms(base)
-- do non-reflexive non-imperative slot overrides
process_slot_overrides(base, function(slot)
return not slot:find("^imp_") and not slot:find("^neg_imp_")
end)
-- This should happen after process_slot_overrides() in case a derived slot is based on an override
-- (as with the imp_3s of [[dar]], [[estar]]).
copy_forms_to_imperatives(base)
-- do non-reflexive positive imperative slot overrides
process_slot_overrides(base, function(slot)
return slot:find("^imp_")
end)
-- We need to add joined reflexives, then joined and non-joined clitics, then non-joined reflexives, so we get
-- [[esbalda-te]] but [[não]] [[te]] [[esbalde]].
if base.refl then
-- This should happen after remove_monosyllabic_accents() so the * marking the preservation of monosyllabic
-- accents doesn't end up in the middle of a word.
add_reflexive_or_fixed_clitic_to_forms(base, "do reflexive", "do joined")
process_slot_overrides(base, nil, "do reflexive") -- do reflexive-only slot overrides
add_reflexive_or_fixed_clitic_to_forms(base, "do reflexive", false)
end
-- This should happen after add_reflexive_or_fixed_clitic_to_forms() so negative imperatives get the reflexive pronoun
-- and clitic in them.
generate_negative_imperatives(base)
-- do non-reflexive negative imperative slot overrides
-- FIXME: What about reflexive negative imperatives?
process_slot_overrides(base, function(slot)
return slot:find("^neg_imp_")
end)
-- This should happen before add_missing_links_to_forms() so that the comparison `form == base.lemma`
-- in handle_infinitive_linked() works correctly and compares unlinked forms to unlinked forms.
handle_infinitive_linked(base)
process_addnote_specs(base)
if not base.alternant_multiword_spec.args.noautolinkverb then
add_missing_links_to_forms(base)
end
remove_mesoclitic_insertion_points(base)
process_superseded_forms(base)
end
local function parse_indicator_spec(angle_bracket_spec)
-- Store the original angle bracket spec so we can reconstruct the overall conj spec with the lemma(s) in them.
local base = {
angle_bracket_spec = angle_bracket_spec,
user_basic_overrides = {},
user_stems = {},
addnote_specs = {},
}
local function parse_err(msg)
error(msg .. ": " .. angle_bracket_spec)
end
local function fetch_footnotes(separated_group)
local footnotes
for j = 2, #separated_group - 1, 2 do
if separated_group[j + 1] ~= "" then
parse_err("Extraneous text after bracketed footnotes: '" .. table.concat(separated_group) .. "'")
end
if not footnotes then
footnotes = {}
end
table.insert(footnotes, separated_group[j])
end
return footnotes
end
local inside = angle_bracket_spec:match("^<(.*)>$")
assert(inside)
if inside == "" then
return base
end
local segments = iut.parse_balanced_segment_run(inside, "[", "]")
local dot_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs(segments, "%.")
for i, dot_separated_group in ipairs(dot_separated_groups) do
local first_element = dot_separated_group[1]
if first_element == "addnote" then
local spec_and_footnotes = fetch_footnotes(dot_separated_group)
if #spec_and_footnotes < 2 then
parse_err("Spec with 'addnote' should be of the form 'addnote[SLOTSPEC][FOOTNOTE][FOOTNOTE][...]'")
end
local slot_spec = table.remove(spec_and_footnotes, 1)
local slot_spec_inside = rmatch(slot_spec, "^%[(.*)%]$")
if not slot_spec_inside then
parse_err("Internal error: slot_spec " .. slot_spec .. " should be surrounded with brackets")
end
local slot_specs = rsplit(slot_spec_inside, ",")
-- FIXME: Here, [[Module:it-verb]] called strip_spaces(). Generally we don't do this. Should we?
table.insert(base.addnote_specs, {slot_specs = slot_specs, footnotes = spec_and_footnotes})
elseif indicator_flags[first_element] then
if #dot_separated_group > 1 then
parse_err("No footnotes allowed with '" .. first_element .. "' spec")
end
if base[first_element] then
parse_err("Spec '" .. first_element .. "' specified twice")
end
base[first_element] = true
elseif rfind(first_element, ":") then
local colon_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs(dot_separated_group, "%s*:%s*")
local first_element = colon_separated_groups[1][1]
if #colon_separated_groups[1] > 1 then
parse_err("Can't attach footnotes directly to '" .. first_element .. "' spec; attach them to the " ..
"colon-separated values following the initial colon")
end
if overridable_stems[first_element] then
if base.user_stems[first_element] then
parse_err("Overridable stem '" .. first_element .. "' specified twice")
end
table.remove(colon_separated_groups, 1)
base.user_stems[first_element] = overridable_stems[first_element](colon_separated_groups,
{prefix = first_element, base = base, parse_err = parse_err, fetch_footnotes = fetch_footnotes})
else -- assume a basic override; we validate further later when the possible slots are available
if base.user_basic_overrides[first_element] then
parse_err("Basic override '" .. first_element .. "' specified twice")
end
table.remove(colon_separated_groups, 1)
base.user_basic_overrides[first_element] = allow_multiple_values(colon_separated_groups,
{prefix = first_element, base = base, parse_err = parse_err, fetch_footnotes = fetch_footnotes})
end
else
local comma_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs(dot_separated_group, "%s*,%s*")
for j = 1, #comma_separated_groups do
local alt = comma_separated_groups[j][1]
if not vowel_alternants[alt] then
if #comma_separated_groups == 1 then
parse_err("Unrecognized spec or vowel alternant '" .. alt .. "'")
else
parse_err("Unrecognized vowel alternant '" .. alt .. "'")
end
end
if base.vowel_alt then
for _, existing_alt in ipairs(base.vowel_alt) do
if existing_alt.form == alt then
parse_err("Vowel alternant '" .. alt .. "' specified twice")
end
end
else
base.vowel_alt = {}
end
table.insert(base.vowel_alt, {form = alt, footnotes = fetch_footnotes(comma_separated_groups[j])})
end
end
end
return base
end
-- Reconstruct the overall verb spec from the output of iut.parse_inflected_text(), so we can use it in
-- [[Module:accel/pt]].
function export.reconstruct_verb_spec(alternant_multiword_spec)
local parts = {}
for _, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do
table.insert(parts, alternant_or_word_spec.user_specified_before_text)
if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then
table.insert(parts, "((")
for i, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do
if i > 1 then
table.insert(parts, ",")
end
for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do
table.insert(parts, word_spec.user_specified_before_text)
table.insert(parts, word_spec.user_specified_lemma)
table.insert(parts, word_spec.angle_bracket_spec)
end
table.insert(parts, multiword_spec.user_specified_post_text)
end
table.insert(parts, "))")
else
table.insert(parts, alternant_or_word_spec.user_specified_lemma)
table.insert(parts, alternant_or_word_spec.angle_bracket_spec)
end
end
table.insert(parts, alternant_multiword_spec.user_specified_post_text)
-- As a special case, if we see e.g. "amar<>", remove the <>. Don't do this if there are spaces or alternants.
local retval = table.concat(parts)
if not retval:find(" ") and not retval:find("%(%(") then
local retval_no_angle_brackets = retval:match("^(.*)<>$")
if retval_no_angle_brackets then
return retval_no_angle_brackets
end
end
return retval
end
-- Normalize all lemmas, substituting the pagename for blank lemmas and adding links to multiword lemmas.
local function normalize_all_lemmas(alternant_multiword_spec, head)
-- (1) Add links to all before and after text. Remember the original text so we can reconstruct the verb spec later.
if not alternant_multiword_spec.args.noautolinktext then
for _, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do
alternant_or_word_spec.user_specified_before_text = alternant_or_word_spec.before_text
alternant_or_word_spec.before_text = add_links(alternant_or_word_spec.before_text)
if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then
for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do
for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do
word_spec.user_specified_before_text = word_spec.before_text
word_spec.before_text = add_links(word_spec.before_text)
end
multiword_spec.user_specified_post_text = multiword_spec.post_text
multiword_spec.post_text = add_links(multiword_spec.post_text)
end
end
end
alternant_multiword_spec.user_specified_post_text = alternant_multiword_spec.post_text
alternant_multiword_spec.post_text = add_links(alternant_multiword_spec.post_text)
end
-- (2) Remove any links from the lemma, but remember the original form
-- so we can use it below in the 'lemma_linked' form.
iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base)
if base.lemma == "" then
base.lemma = head
end
base.user_specified_lemma = base.lemma
base.lemma = m_links.remove_links(base.lemma)
local refl_verb = base.lemma
local verb, refl = rmatch(refl_verb, "^(.-)%-(se)$")
if not verb then
verb, refl = refl_verb, nil
end
base.user_specified_verb = verb
base.refl = refl
base.verb = base.user_specified_verb
local linked_lemma
if alternant_multiword_spec.args.noautolinkverb or base.user_specified_lemma:find("%[%[") then
linked_lemma = base.user_specified_lemma
elseif base.refl then
-- Reconstruct the linked lemma with separate links around base verb and reflexive pronoun.
linked_lemma = base.user_specified_verb == base.verb and "[[" .. base.user_specified_verb .. "]]" or
"[[" .. base.verb .. "|" .. base.user_specified_verb .. "]]"
linked_lemma = linked_lemma .. (refl and "-[[" .. refl .. "]]" or "")
else
-- Add links to the lemma so the user doesn't specifically need to, since we preserve
-- links in multiword lemmas and include links in non-lemma forms rather than allowing
-- the entire form to be a link.
linked_lemma = add_links(base.user_specified_lemma)
end
base.linked_lemma = linked_lemma
end)
end
local function detect_indicator_spec(base)
if (base.only3s and 1 or 0) + (base.only3sp and 1 or 0) + (base.only3p and 1 or 0) > 1 then
error("Only one of 'only3s', 'only3sp' and 'only3p' can be specified")
end
base.forms = {}
base.stems = {}
base.basic_overrides = {}
base.basic_reflexive_only_overrides = {}
if not base.no_built_in then
for _, built_in_conj in ipairs(built_in_conjugations) do
if type(built_in_conj.match) == "function" then
base.prefix, base.non_prefixed_verb = built_in_conj.match(base.verb)
elseif built_in_conj.match:find("^%^") and rsub(built_in_conj.match, "^%^", "") == base.verb then
-- begins with ^, for exact match, and matches
base.prefix, base.non_prefixed_verb = "", base.verb
else
base.prefix, base.non_prefixed_verb = rmatch(base.verb, "^(.*)(" .. built_in_conj.match .. ")$")
end
if base.prefix then
-- we found a built-in verb
for stem, forms in pairs(built_in_conj.forms) do
if type(forms) == "function" then
forms = forms(base, base.prefix)
end
if stem:find("^refl_") then
stem = stem:gsub("^refl_", "")
if not base.alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic_map[stem] then
error("Internal error: setting for 'refl_" .. stem .. "' does not refer to a basic verb slot")
end
base.basic_reflexive_only_overrides[stem] = forms
elseif base.alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic_map[stem] then
-- an individual form override of a basic form
base.basic_overrides[stem] = forms
else
base.stems[stem] = forms
end
end
break
end
end
end
-- Override built-in-verb stems and overrides with user-specified ones.
for stem, values in pairs(base.user_stems) do
base.stems[stem] = values
end
for override, values in pairs(base.user_basic_overrides) do
if not base.alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic_map[override] then
error("Unrecognized override '" .. override .. "': " .. base.angle_bracket_spec)
end
base.basic_overrides[override] = values
end
base.prefix = base.prefix or ""
base.non_prefixed_verb = base.non_prefixed_verb or base.verb
local inf_stem, suffix = rmatch(base.non_prefixed_verb, "^(.*)([aeioô]r)$")
if not inf_stem then
error("Unrecognized infinitive: " .. base.verb)
end
base.inf_stem = inf_stem
suffix = suffix == "ôr" and "or" or suffix
base.conj = suffix
base.conj_vowel = suffix == "ar" and "á" or suffix == "ir" and "í" or "ê"
base.frontback = suffix == "ar" and "back" or "front"
if base.stems.vowel_alt then -- built-in verb with specified vowel alternation
if base.vowel_alt then
error(base.verb .. " is a recognized built-in verb, and should not have vowel alternations specified with it")
end
base.vowel_alt = iut.convert_to_general_list_form(base.stems.vowel_alt)
end
-- Propagate built-in-verb indicator flags to `base` and combine with user-specified flags.
for indicator_flag, _ in pairs(indicator_flags) do
base[indicator_flag] = base[indicator_flag] or base.stems[indicator_flag]
end
-- Convert vowel alternation indicators into stems.
local vowel_alt = base.vowel_alt or {{form = "+"}}
base.vowel_alt_stems = apply_vowel_alternations(base.inf_stem, vowel_alt)
for _, vowel_alt_stems in ipairs(base.vowel_alt_stems) do
if vowel_alt_stems.err then
error("To use '" .. vowel_alt_stems.altobj.form .. "', present stem '" .. base.prefix .. base.inf_stem .. "' " ..
vowel_alt_stems.err)
end
end
end
local function detect_all_indicator_specs(alternant_multiword_spec)
-- Propagate some settings up; some are used internally, others by [[Module:pt-headword]].
iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base)
-- Internal indicator flags. Do these before calling detect_indicator_spec() because add_slots() uses them.
for _, prop in ipairs { "refl", "clitic" } do
if base[prop] then
alternant_multiword_spec[prop] = true
end
end
base.alternant_multiword_spec = alternant_multiword_spec
end)
add_slots(alternant_multiword_spec)
alternant_multiword_spec.vowel_alt = {}
iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base)
detect_indicator_spec(base)
-- User-specified indicator flags. Do these after calling detect_indicator_spec() because the latter may set these
-- indicators for built-in verbs.
for prop, _ in pairs(indicator_flags) do
if base[prop] then
alternant_multiword_spec[prop] = true
end
end
-- Vowel alternants. Do these after calling detect_indicator_spec() because the latter sets base.vowel_alt for
-- built-in verbs.
if base.vowel_alt then
for _, altobj in ipairs(base.vowel_alt) do
m_table.insertIfNot(alternant_multiword_spec.vowel_alt, altobj.form)
end
end
end)
end
local function add_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec, base, multiword_lemma)
local function insert_ann(anntype, value)
m_table.insertIfNot(alternant_multiword_spec.annotation[anntype], value)
end
local function insert_cat(cat, also_when_multiword)
-- Don't place multiword terms in categories like 'Portuguese verbs ending in -ar' to avoid spamming the
-- categories with such terms.
if also_when_multiword or not multiword_lemma then
m_table.insertIfNot(alternant_multiword_spec.categories, "Portuguese " .. cat)
end
end
if check_for_red_links and alternant_multiword_spec.source_template == "pt-conj" and multiword_lemma then
for _, slot_and_accel in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.all_verb_slots) do
local slot = slot_and_accel[1]
local forms = base.forms[slot]
local must_break = false
if forms then
for _, form in ipairs(forms) do
if not form.form:find("%[%[") then
local title = mw.title.new(form.form)
if title and not title.exists then
insert_cat("verbs with red links in their inflection tables")
must_break = true
break
end
end
end
end
if must_break then
break
end
end
end
insert_cat("verbs ending in -" .. base.conj)
if base.irreg then
insert_ann("irreg", "irregular")
insert_cat("irregular verbs")
else
insert_ann("irreg", "regular")
end
if base.only3s then
insert_ann("defective", "impersonal")
insert_cat("impersonal verbs")
elseif base.only3sp then
insert_ann("defective", "third-person only")
insert_cat("third-person-only verbs")
elseif base.only3p then
insert_ann("defective", "third-person plural only")
insert_cat("third-person-plural-only verbs")
elseif base.no_pres_stressed or base.no_pres1_and_sub then
insert_ann("defective", "defective")
insert_cat("defective verbs")
else
insert_ann("defective", "regular")
end
if base.stems.short_pp then
insert_ann("short_pp", "irregular short past participle")
insert_cat("verbs with irregular short past participle")
else
insert_ann("short_pp", "regular")
end
if base.clitic then
insert_cat("verbs with lexical clitics")
end
if base.refl then
insert_cat("reflexive verbs")
end
if base.e_ei_cat then
insert_ann("vowel_alt", "''e'' becomes ''ei'' when stressed")
insert_cat("verbs with e becoming ei when stressed")
elseif not base.vowel_alt then
insert_ann("vowel_alt", "non-alternating")
else
for _, alt in ipairs(base.vowel_alt) do
if alt.form == "+" then
insert_ann("vowel_alt", "non-alternating")
else
insert_ann("vowel_alt", vowel_alternant_to_desc[alt.form])
insert_cat("verbs with " .. vowel_alternant_to_cat[alt.form])
end
end
end
local cons_alt = base.stems.cons_alt
if cons_alt == nil then
if base.conj == "ar" then
if base.inf_stem:find("ç$") then
cons_alt = "c-ç"
elseif base.inf_stem:find("c$") then
cons_alt = "c-qu"
elseif base.inf_stem:find("g$") then
cons_alt = "g-gu"
end
else
if base.no_pres_stressed or base.no_pres1_and_sub then
cons_alt = nil -- no e.g. c-ç alternation in this case
elseif base.inf_stem:find("c$") then
cons_alt = "c-ç"
elseif base.inf_stem:find("qu$") then
cons_alt = "c-qu"
elseif base.inf_stem:find("g$") then
cons_alt = "g-j"
elseif base.inf_stem:find("gu$") then
cons_alt = "g-gu"
end
end
end
if cons_alt then
local desc = cons_alt .. " alternation"
insert_ann("cons_alt", desc)
insert_cat("verbs with " .. desc)
else
insert_ann("cons_alt", "non-alternating")
end
end
-- Compute the categories to add the verb to, as well as the annotation to display in the
-- conjugation title bar. We combine the code to do these functions as both categories and
-- title bar contain similar information.
local function compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec)
alternant_multiword_spec.categories = {}
local ann = {}
alternant_multiword_spec.annotation = ann
ann.irreg = {}
ann.short_pp = {}
ann.defective = {}
ann.vowel_alt = {}
ann.cons_alt = {}
local multiword_lemma = false
for _, form in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.forms.infinitive) do
if form.form:find(" ") then
multiword_lemma = true
break
end
end
iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base)
add_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec, base, multiword_lemma)
end)
local ann_parts = {}
local irreg = table.concat(ann.irreg, " or ")
if irreg ~= "" and irreg ~= "regular" then
table.insert(ann_parts, irreg)
end
local short_pp = table.concat(ann.short_pp, " or ")
if short_pp ~= "" and short_pp ~= "regular" then
table.insert(ann_parts, short_pp)
end
local defective = table.concat(ann.defective, " or ")
if defective ~= "" and defective ~= "regular" then
table.insert(ann_parts, defective)
end
local vowel_alt = table.concat(ann.vowel_alt, " or ")
if vowel_alt ~= "" and vowel_alt ~= "non-alternating" then
table.insert(ann_parts, vowel_alt)
end
local cons_alt = table.concat(ann.cons_alt, " or ")
if cons_alt ~= "" and cons_alt ~= "non-alternating" then
table.insert(ann_parts, cons_alt)
end
alternant_multiword_spec.annotation = table.concat(ann_parts, "; ")
end
local function show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec)
local lemmas = alternant_multiword_spec.forms.infinitive
alternant_multiword_spec.lemmas = lemmas -- save for later use in make_table()
if alternant_multiword_spec.forms.short_pp_ms then
alternant_multiword_spec.has_short_pp = true
end
local reconstructed_verb_spec = export.reconstruct_verb_spec(alternant_multiword_spec)
local function transform_accel_obj(slot, formobj, accel_obj)
-- No accelerators for negative imperatives, which are always multiword and derived directly from the
-- present subjunctive.
if slot:find("^neg_imp") then
return nil
end
if accel_obj then
if slot:find("^pp_") then
accel_obj.form = slot
elseif slot == "gerund" then
accel_obj.form = "gerund-" .. reconstructed_verb_spec
else
accel_obj.form = "verb-form-" .. reconstructed_verb_spec
end
end
return accel_obj
end
-- Italicize superseded forms.
local function generate_link(slot, form, origentry, accel_obj)
if origentry:find(VAR_SUPERSEDED) then
origentry = rsub(origentry, VAR_SUPERSEDED, "")
return m_links.full_link({lang = lang, term = origentry, tr = "-", accel = accel_obj}, "term")
end
end
local props = {
lang = lang,
lemmas = lemmas,
transform_accel_obj = transform_accel_obj,
canonicalize = function(form) return export.remove_variant_codes(form, "keep superseded") end,
generate_link = generate_link,
slot_list = alternant_multiword_spec.verb_slots_basic,
}
iut.show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec.forms, props)
alternant_multiword_spec.footnote_basic = alternant_multiword_spec.forms.footnote
end
local notes_template = [=[
<div style="width:100%;text-align:left;background:#d9ebff">
<div style="display:inline-block;text-align:left;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em">
{footnote}
</div></div>
]=]
local basic_table = [=[
{description}<div class="NavFrame">
<div class="NavHead" align=center> Conjugation of {title} (See [[Appendix:Portuguese verbs]])</div>
<div class="NavContent" align="left">
{\op}| class="inflection-table" style="background:#F6F6F6; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #999999;" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#B0B0B0" rowspan="2" |
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#D0D0D0" colspan="3" | Singular
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#D0D0D0" colspan="3" | Plural
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#D0D0D0; width:12.5%" | First-person<br />(<<eu>>)
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#D0D0D0; width:12.5%" | Second-person<br />(<<tu>>)
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#D0D0D0; width:12.5%" | Third-person<br />(<<ele>> / <<ela>> / <<você>>)
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#D0D0D0; width:12.5%" | First-person<br />(<<nós>>)
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#D0D0D0; width:12.5%" | Second-person<br />(<<vós>>)
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#D0D0D0; width:12.5%" | Third-person<br />(<<eles>> / <<elas>> / <<vocês>>)
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#c498ff" colspan="7" | ''<span title="infinitivo">Infinitive</span>''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#a478df" | '''<span title="infinitivo impessoal">Impersonal</span>'''
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="6" | {infinitive}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#a478df" | '''<span title="infinitivo pessoal">Personal</span>'''
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pers_inf_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pers_inf_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pers_inf_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pers_inf_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pers_inf_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pers_inf_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#98ffc4" colspan="7" | ''<span title="gerúndio">Gerund</span>''
|-
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#78dfa4" |
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="6" | {gerund}
|-{pp_clause}
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#d0dff4" colspan="7" | ''<span title="indicativo">Indicative</span>''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0bfd4" | <span title="presente">Present</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0bfd4" | <span title="pretérito imperfeito">Imperfect</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0bfd4" | <span title="pretérito perfeito">Preterite</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pret_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pret_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pret_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pret_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pret_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pret_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0bfd4" | <span title="pretérito mais-que-perfeito simples">Pluperfect</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {plup_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {plup_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {plup_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {plup_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {plup_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {plup_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0bfd4" | <span title="futuro do presente">Future</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0bfd4" | <span title="condicional / futuro do pretérito">Conditional</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {cond_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {cond_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {cond_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {cond_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {cond_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {cond_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#d0f4d0" colspan="7" | ''<span title="conjuntivo (pt) / subjuntivo (br)">Subjunctive</span>''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0d4b0" | <span title=" presente do conjuntivo (pt) / subjuntivo (br)">Present</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_sub_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_sub_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_sub_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_sub_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_sub_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {pres_sub_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0d4b0" | <span title="pretérito imperfeito do conjuntivo (pt) / subjuntivo (br)">Imperfect</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_sub_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_sub_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_sub_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_sub_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_sub_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {impf_sub_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#b0d4b0" | <span title="futuro do conjuntivo (pt) / subjuntivo (br)">Future</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_sub_1s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_sub_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_sub_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_sub_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_sub_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {fut_sub_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#f4e4d0" colspan="7" | ''<span title="imperativo">Imperative</span>''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#d4c4b0" | <span title="imperativo afirmativo">Affirmative</span>
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" rowspan="2" |
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {imp_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {imp_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {imp_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {imp_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {imp_3p}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#d4c4b0" | <span title="imperativo negativo">Negative</span> (<<não>>)
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {neg_imp_2s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {neg_imp_3s}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {neg_imp_1p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {neg_imp_2p}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" | {neg_imp_3p}
|{\cl}{notes_clause}</div></div>
]=]
local double_pp_template = [=[
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#ffc498" colspan="7" | ''<span title="particípio irregular">Short past participle</span>''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#dfa478" | Masculine
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {short_pp_ms}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {short_pp_mp}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#dfa478" | Feminine
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {short_pp_fs}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {short_pp_fp}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#ffc498" colspan="7" | ''<span title="particípio regular">Long past participle</span>''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#dfa478" | Masculine
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {pp_ms}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {pp_mp}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#dfa478" | Feminine
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {pp_fs}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {pp_fp}
|-]=]
local single_pp_template = [=[
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#ffc498" colspan="7" | ''<span title="particípio passado">Past participle</span>''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#dfa478" | Masculine
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {pp_ms}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {pp_mp}
|-
! style="border: 1px solid #999999; background:#dfa478" | Feminine
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {pp_fs}
| style="border: 1px solid #999999; vertical-align: top;" colspan="3" | {pp_fp}
|-]=]
local function make_table(alternant_multiword_spec)
local forms = alternant_multiword_spec.forms
forms.title = link_term(alternant_multiword_spec.lemmas[1].form)
if alternant_multiword_spec.annotation ~= "" then
forms.title = forms.title .. " (" .. alternant_multiword_spec.annotation .. ")"
end
forms.description = ""
-- Format the table.
forms.footnote = alternant_multiword_spec.footnote_basic
forms.notes_clause = forms.footnote ~= "" and format(notes_template, forms) or ""
-- has_short_pp is computed in show_forms().
local pp_template = alternant_multiword_spec.has_short_pp and double_pp_template or single_pp_template
forms.pp_clause = format(pp_template, forms)
local table_with_pronouns = rsub(basic_table, "<<(.-)>>", link_term)
return format(table_with_pronouns, forms)
end
-- Externally callable function to parse and conjugate a verb given user-specified arguments.
-- Return value is WORD_SPEC, an object where the conjugated forms are in `WORD_SPEC.forms`
-- for each slot. If there are no values for a slot, the slot key will be missing. The value
-- for a given slot is a list of objects {form=FORM, footnotes=FOOTNOTES}.
function export.do_generate_forms(args, source_template, headword_head)
local PAGENAME = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text
local function in_template_space()
return mw.title.getCurrentTitle().nsText == "Template"
end
-- Determine the verb spec we're being asked to generate the conjugation of. This may be taken from the
-- current page title or the value of |pagename=; but not when called from {{pt-verb form of}}, where the
-- page title is a non-lemma form. Note that the verb spec may omit the infinitive; e.g. it may be "<i-e>".
-- For this reason, we use the value of `pagename` computed here down below, when calling normalize_all_lemmas().
local pagename = source_template ~= "pt-verb form of" and args.pagename or PAGENAME
local head = headword_head or pagename
local arg1 = args[1]
if not arg1 then
if (pagename == "pt-conj" or pagename == "pt-verb") and in_template_space() then
arg1 = "cergir<i-e,i>"
elseif pagename == "pt-verb form of" and in_template_space() then
arg1 = "amar"
else
arg1 = "<>"
end
end
-- When called from {{pt-verb form of}}, determine the non-lemma form whose inflections we're being asked to
-- determine. This normally comes from the page title or the value of |pagename=.
local verb_form_of_form
if source_template == "pt-verb form of" then
verb_form_of_form = args.pagename
if not verb_form_of_form then
if PAGENAME == "pt-verb form of" and in_template_space() then
verb_form_of_form = "ame"
else
verb_form_of_form = PAGENAME
end
end
end
local incorporated_headword_head_into_lemma = false
if arg1:find("^<.*>$") then -- missing lemma
if head:find(" ") then
-- If multiword lemma, try to add arg spec after the first word.
-- Try to preserve the brackets in the part after the verb, but don't do it
-- if there aren't the same number of left and right brackets in the verb
-- (which means the verb was linked as part of a larger expression).
local refl_clitic_verb, post = rmatch(head, "^(.-)( .*)$")
local left_brackets = rsub(refl_clitic_verb, "[^%[]", "")
local right_brackets = rsub(refl_clitic_verb, "[^%]]", "")
if #left_brackets == #right_brackets then
arg1 = iut.remove_redundant_links(refl_clitic_verb) .. arg1 .. post
incorporated_headword_head_into_lemma = true
else
-- Try again using the form without links.
local linkless_head = m_links.remove_links(head)
if linkless_head:find(" ") then
refl_clitic_verb, post = rmatch(linkless_head, "^(.-)( .*)$")
arg1 = refl_clitic_verb .. arg1 .. post
else
error("Unable to incorporate <...> spec into explicit head due to a multiword linked verb or " ..
"unbalanced brackets; please include <> explicitly: " .. arg1)
end
end
else
-- Will be incorporated through `head` below in the call to normalize_all_lemmas().
incorporated_headword_head_into_lemma = true
end
end
local function split_bracketed_runs_into_words(bracketed_runs)
return iut.split_alternating_runs(bracketed_runs, " ", "preserve splitchar")
end
local parse_props = {
parse_indicator_spec = parse_indicator_spec,
-- Split words only on spaces, not on hyphens, because that messes up reflexive verb parsing.
split_bracketed_runs_into_words = split_bracketed_runs_into_words,
allow_default_indicator = true,
allow_blank_lemma = true,
}
local alternant_multiword_spec = iut.parse_inflected_text(arg1, parse_props)
alternant_multiword_spec.pos = pos or "verbs"
alternant_multiword_spec.args = args
alternant_multiword_spec.source_template = source_template
alternant_multiword_spec.verb_form_of_form = verb_form_of_form
alternant_multiword_spec.incorporated_headword_head_into_lemma = incorporated_headword_head_into_lemma
normalize_all_lemmas(alternant_multiword_spec, head)
detect_all_indicator_specs(alternant_multiword_spec)
local inflect_props = {
slot_list = alternant_multiword_spec.all_verb_slots,
inflect_word_spec = conjugate_verb,
get_variants = function(form) return rsub(form, not_var_code_c, "") end,
-- We add links around the generated verbal forms rather than allow the entire multiword
-- expression to be a link, so ensure that user-specified links get included as well.
include_user_specified_links = true,
}
iut.inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec(alternant_multiword_spec, inflect_props)
-- Remove redundant brackets around entire forms.
for slot, forms in pairs(alternant_multiword_spec.forms) do
for _, form in ipairs(forms) do
form.form = strip_redundant_links(form.form)
end
end
compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec)
if args.json and source_template == "pt-conj" then
return export.remove_variant_codes(require("Module:JSON").toJSON(alternant_multiword_spec.forms))
end
return alternant_multiword_spec
end
-- Entry point for {{pt-conj}}. Template-callable function to parse and conjugate a verb given
-- user-specified arguments and generate a displayable table of the conjugated forms.
function export.show(frame)
local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
local params = {
[1] = {},
["noautolinktext"] = {type = "boolean"},
["noautolinkverb"] = {type = "boolean"},
["pagename"] = {}, -- for testing/documentation pages
["json"] = {type = "boolean"}, -- for bot use
}
local args = require("Module:parameters").process(parent_args, params)
local alternant_multiword_spec = export.do_generate_forms(args, "pt-conj")
if type(alternant_multiword_spec) == "string" then
-- JSON return value
return alternant_multiword_spec
end
show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec)
return make_table(alternant_multiword_spec) ..
require("Module:utilities").format_categories(alternant_multiword_spec.categories, lang, nil, nil, force_cat)
end
return export