Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zęti
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
2=ǵembʰPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Per Derksen, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źemb-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵembʰ-, and cognate with Lithuanian žem̃bti (“to sharpen, to cut slantwise”), Sanskrit जम्भते (jámbhate, “to snatch”), जम्भयति (jámbhayati, “to crush”). Suggested semantic development is cut > bite > frostbite > freeze. Vasmer generally agrees, and adds Albanian dhëmp (“painful”) as a cognate. Derksen further suggests a possible connection with *zǫbъ (“tooth”), in which case many other words are cognate, e.g. Sanskrit जम्भ (jámbha, “tooth”), Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos, “pin, nail”), English comb.
Verb
*zęti
- to freeze?
Inflection
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*zębenьje | *zęti | *zętъ | *zęblъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *zębenъ | *zębomъ |
Active | *zębъ | *zęby |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *zęb(ox)ъ | *zębe | *zębe | *zębǫ | *zębeši | *zębetь |
Dual | *zęb(ox)ově | *zęb(e/os)ta | *zęb(e/os)te | *zębevě | *zębeta | *zębete |
Plural | *zęb(ox)omъ | *zęb(e/os)te | *zębǫ, *zębošę | *zębemъ | *zębete | *zębǫtь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *zęběaxъ | *zęběaše | *zęběaše | — | *zębi | *zębi |
Dual | *zęběaxově | *zęběašeta | *zęběašete | *zęběvě | *zęběta | — |
Plural | *zęběaxomъ | *zęběašete | *zęběaxǫ | *zęběmъ | *zęběte | — |
Derived terms
- *zębnǫti (“to suffer from cold”)
Related terms
- *zǫbъ (“tooth”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: зѧбоми (zębomi, nom. masc. pl. pres. pasv. part.)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Chakavian Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Vrgada?" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.: zẽsti
- Chakavian Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Orbanići?" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.: zⁱẽs
- Slovene: zẹ́bsti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- The template Template:R:ru:Chernykh does not use the parameter(s):
page=332
vol=1 Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “зя́бнуть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*zęti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 543
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зя́бнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress