Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bulït

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction

Unproblematic.

Etymology

The *-t is hypothesised to be an ancient plural suffix by Doerfer.

Compared to Proto-Uralic *pilwe (“cloud”) and Proto-Tungusic *bol- (“autumn, air”) by some sources. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*bulït

1. cloud

Declension

Declension of *bulït

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*bulït
Accusative	*bulïtïg, *bulïtnï1)
Genitive	*bulïtnïŋ
Dative	*bulïtka
Locative	*bulïtda
Ablative	*bulïtdan
Allative	*bulïtgaru
Instrumental 2)	*bulïtïn
Equative 2)	*bulïtča
Similative 2)	*bulïtlayu
Comitative 2)	*bulïtlïgu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: пӗлӗт (pĕlĕt)
• Common Turkic: *bulït

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: bulıt
• Proto-Oghuz: *bulūt
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: بلوت (bulut)
      • Azerbaijani: bulud
        • → Udi: булут (bulut)
      • Ottoman Turkish: بولوت, بولوط (bulut)
        • Gagauz: bulut
        • Turkish: bulut
  • East Oghuz:
    • Salar: bulud, bulut
    • Turkmen: bulut
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: بُلِتْ (bulït)
    • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (bulït), [script needed] (bulut)
      • Chagatai: بولوت (bulut)
        • Uzbek: bulut
        • Uyghur: بۇلۇت (bulut)
• Kipchak:
  • Kipchak: بلت (bulut)
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: болот (bolot)
      • Tatar: болыт (bolıt)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: bulut
      • Karachay-Balkar: булут (bulut)
      • Karaim: bulut
      • Kumyk: булут (bulut)
      • Urum: булут
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Kazakh: бұлт (būlt)
        • Karakalpak: bult
        • Nogai: булыт (bulıt)
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: булут (bulut)
        • Southern Altai: булут (bulut)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰃𐱃 (b¹ul¹it¹ /⁠bulït⁠/)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bulït)
      • Western Yugur: bələt, bulət
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: былыт (bılıt)
    • Dolgan: былыт
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tofa: булут
      • Tuvan: булут (bulut)
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: пулут (pulut)
      • Shor: пулут

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “bulıt”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 333
• Doerfer, Gerhard (1965) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 19)‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 771
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 88
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Nauka, pages 262-264
• Tenišev E. R., editor (2001), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 24
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bŭlu ( ~ -a, -o)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill